[ti:According to v. As Per]
[by:www.21voa.com]
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[00:02.00]Hello! This week on Ask a Teacher,
[00:05.92]we will answer a question about the difference
[00:09.28]between the phrases "as per" and "according to."
[00:15.32]This is Mengwen.
[00:17.64]I just wanted to know what is the difference between "as per"
[00:22.44]and "according to" when writing an email.
[00:26.24]Many thanks in advance. Mengwen
[00:30.84]Dear Mengwen,
[00:33.12]This is a great question.
[00:36.12]In some cases, we can use both of these expressions
[00:41.08]in the same way.
[00:43.28]But they do have slight differences in tone and formality.
[00:49.48]Let's start with "according to."
[00:52.28]"According to" is described as a preposition in many dictionaries.
[00:58.96]"According to" means "as stated by someone or shown by something."
[01:06.48]It is usually used at the beginning of a sentence.
[01:11.08]Here are some examples:
[01:13.56]According to our teacher,
[01:15.92]the final paper is due before the end of the day.
[01:20.96]According to my last email,
[01:23.32]if we do not schedule the event soon,
[01:26.60]we will not be able to do so until next year.
[01:31.16]It can also mean, "in a way that agrees with."
[01:35.80]For this meaning, "according to"
[01:38.84]can appear in the middle of a sentence. For example:
[01:43.40]The teacher divided the class according to age.
[01:48.28]Any student born before July was put in group A,
[01:53.28]and anyone born July 1st or after was placed in group B.
[02:01.28]The term "according to" is used very generally.
[02:05.24]The tone or feeling that we get from it is neutral,
[02:10.12]meaning neither good nor bad.
[02:13.52]It can be used in both formal and informal situations.
[02:19.04]"According to" is used best
[02:22.28]when we expect something to have happened,
[02:25.52]or for setting up meetings or completing requests.
[02:31.80]This use is most closely related to "as per,"
[02:36.28]so let's move on to that discussion now.
[02:40.36]"As per" means "in accordance with."
[02:43.92]The expression combines the adverb "as"
[02:47.28]with the preposition "per."
[02:50.32]Here is an example:
[02:52.16]Dear Karen,
[02:54.16]As per your request, I have listed
[02:57.76]all of the items that we need to send out by next week.
[03:03.88]In this case, it has the same meaning as "according to."
[03:09.32]And we can use it in similar situations
[03:12.84]when we want to point out something previously referenced.
[03:16.96]But it is best to use "as per" with more formal requests
[03:22.88]that have specific times and dates.
[03:26.12]The term is often used in commercial or business settings.
[03:32.24]We can also use just the preposition "per"
[03:35.44]in the same way, as in this example:
[03:39.80]Dear Professor Karen,
[03:41.60]I handed in the test before the due date, per your instructions.
[03:48.24]Both "according to" and "as per"
[03:51.60]relate to what was previously said or done.
[03:55.84]"According to" is more general
[03:58.28]and can be used in different situations.
[04:01.64]"As per" is more formal and is often used for business,
[04:07.28]especially with specific due dates and requests.
[04:12.76]If you are still unsure about which to use,
[04:16.24]try thinking of the connotation of each.
[04:19.56]Connotation is the idea,
[04:22.72]feeling or association linked to a word or phrase.
[04:28.32]Since "according to" is more general
[04:31.36]and can be used in a lot of different situations,
[04:35.04]it usually has a neutral connotation.
[04:39.72]In recent years, especially with many jobs going online,
[04:44.40]"as per" is sometimes seen in a more negative way.
[04:48.72]This has led to many internet memes
[04:51.64]showing how "as per" is used in emails.
[04:55.40]So you might want to choose "according to," just in case.
[05:00.68]Please let us know if these explanations have helped you, Mingwen.
[05:05.08]What question do you have about American English?
[05:09.76]Send us an email at learningenglish@voanews.com
[05:17.12]And that's Ask a Teacher.
[05:19.60]I'm Faith Pirlo. 更多听力请访问21VOA.COM
END OF TRACK. "END OF TRACK." The two men bowed. "Whoever was that person you were talking to?" she enquired, as soon as they stood together. The took of triumph faded from her eyes, she had grown worn and weary. The roses were wilting on the walls, the lights were mostly down now. Hetty, looking in to see if anything was wanted, found herself driven away almost fiercely. I only saw Master Jervie once when he called at tea time, The year 1747 was opened by measures of restriction. The House of Lords, offended at the publication of the proceedings of the trial of Lord Lovat, summoned the parties to their bar, committed them to prison, and refused to liberate them till they had pledged themselves not to repeat the offence, and had paid very heavy fees. The consequence of this was that the transactions of the Peers were almost entirely suppressed for nearly thirty years from this time, and we draw our knowledge of them chiefly from notes taken by Horace Walpole and Lord Chancellor Hardwicke. What is still more remarkable, the reports of the House of Commons, being taken by stealth, and on the merest sufferance, are of the most meagre kind, sometimes altogether wanting, and the speeches are given uniformly under fictitious names; for to have attributed to Pitt or Pelham their[112] speeches by name would have brought down on the printers the summary vengeance of the House. Many of the members complained bitterly of this breach of the privileges of Parliament, and of "being put into print by low fellows"; but Pelham had the sense to tolerate them, saying, "Let them alone; they make better speeches for us than we can make for ourselves." Altogether, the House of Commons exhibited the most deplorable aspect that can be conceived. The Ministry had pursued Walpole's system of buying up opponents by place, or pension, or secret service money, till there was no life left in the House. Ministers passed their measures without troubling themselves to say much in their behalf; and the opposition dwindled to Sir John Hinde Cotton, now dismissed from office, and a feeble remnant of Jacobites raised but miserable resistance. In vain the Prince of Wales and the secret instigations of Bolingbroke and Doddington stimulated the spirit of discontent; both Houses had degenerated into most silent and insignificant arenas of very commonplace business. "It certainly will be. Miss Widgeon," answered Maria, with strictly "company manners." "One who has never had a brother exposed to the constant dangers of army life can hardly understand how glad we all feel to have Si snatched from the very jaws of death and brung back to us." "Just plug at 'em as you would at a crow, and then go on your way whistlin'?" persisted Harry. "Hurroo!" echoed Hennessey; "that's the ticket." "Come forward, keeper," continued the baron, "and state how these arrows came into your hands!" "Yes." HoMEJULIA京香2018下载
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