[ti:Activists Greece No the Only Nation Facing Debt Crisis]
[ar:Mario Ritter]
[al:As It Is]
[by:www.21voa.com]
[00:00.00]The debt crisis in Greece has gained the world's attention.
[00:04.79]However, some activists say
[00:08.12]many other countries are building up dangerous levels of debt.
[00:13.63]They say private investors are lending money to those countries
[00:18.88]without enough rules or legal safeguards.
[00:22.79]European officials avoided one financial crisis recently.
[00:28.70]Greece reached a deal with other European countries
[00:32.74]to meet its short-term loan obligations last week.
[00:37.37]The Greek government is expected begin negotiations on a three-year plan,
[00:43.78]valued at over $90 billion, to deal with its international debt.
[00:50.42]Debt activists say there is the possibility of a debt crisis in other areas,
[00:58.11]especially in the developing world.
[01:01.33]Tim Jones is with a British group called the Jubilee Debt Campaign.
[01:07.78]It studies debt owed by countries around the world.
[01:13.98]This month, the group released a report called,
[01:18.29]"The new debt trap: How the response to the last global crisis
[01:23.70]has laid the ground for the next".
[01:26.63]Mr. Jones says an increase in lending to poor countries has become a problem.
[01:35.62]"There's a huge boom in lending happening,
[01:38.18]especially in some of the most impoverished countries in the world at the moment.
[01:42.02]So we're worried that unless action is taken, they could end up in new debt crises again."
[01:46.31]Mozambique is among the countries the report describes as facing a possible debt crisis.
[01:53.73]"Its economy has been booming massively.
[01:56.08]It's had huge amounts of lending to the country,
[01:59.29]but actually poverty is increasing at the same time, and inequality is increasing.
[02:04.29]So the loans are not necessarily helping in tackling the problems of the country."
[02:10.73]The Jubilee Debt Campaign says the total amount owed by debtor countries rose 30 percent,
[02:18.70]from 2011 to 2014, to $13.8 trillion.
[02:26.97]It predicts that amount will grow to $14.7 trillion dollars this year.
[02:34.67]The group says 22 countries are currently in a debt crisis.
[02:41.60]Many more face a high risk of financial problems in their public or private sectors.
[02:49.58]Judith Tyson is with the Overseas Development Institute,
[02:55.43]a public policy group based in London.
[02:59.49]She told VOA on Skype that the current debt problems
[03:05.27]are all tied to the financial crisis of late 2007 and 2008.
[03:12.56]While the world financial crisis hurt many countries,
[03:16.82]some have struggled with debt for 20 years or more.
[03:21.08]Jamaica, Tim Jones says, is one example.
[03:25.81]"If we take Jamaica, their debt crisis first began in the 1970s.
[03:31.07]And actually since the 1990s they've had huge government surpluses,
[03:34.77]but the debt has remained because the interest is just so high,
[03:38.65]and the economy has been depressed in the attempt to pay these debts.
[03:41.99]And it just shows you can't get out of a debt crisis by making cuts."
[03:45.89]The Greek government made a similar argument
[03:49.24]during negotiations over its financial rescue plan.
[03:53.79]However, European countries, led by Germany,
[03:58.58]have called for continued spending cuts and reforms.
[04:03.24]Greece reached a deal so that the country will stay in the Eurozone,
[04:08.74]the group of nations that use the euro as their currency.
[04:13.60]But for developing nations, Tim Jones says,
[04:17.91]there is additional risk when a nation's currency loses value
[04:23.81]compared to other currencies because of high debt.
[04:28.41]"The debts are all owed in foreign currencies,
[04:31.21]like the dollar or the euro.
[04:32.71]And so when a country has a currency devaluation, then the debt payments shoot up."
[04:36.88]So as debt grows, so do the risks.
[04:40.45]Debt campaigners are calling for tighter controls of international lending
[04:46.71]and cancelling some loans for countries already in crisis.
[04:52.52]I'm Mario Ritter.
[04:55.36]更多听力请访问51voa.com
END OF TRACK. "END OF TRACK." The two men bowed. "Whoever was that person you were talking to?" she enquired, as soon as they stood together. The took of triumph faded from her eyes, she had grown worn and weary. The roses were wilting on the walls, the lights were mostly down now. Hetty, looking in to see if anything was wanted, found herself driven away almost fiercely. I only saw Master Jervie once when he called at tea time, The year 1747 was opened by measures of restriction. The House of Lords, offended at the publication of the proceedings of the trial of Lord Lovat, summoned the parties to their bar, committed them to prison, and refused to liberate them till they had pledged themselves not to repeat the offence, and had paid very heavy fees. The consequence of this was that the transactions of the Peers were almost entirely suppressed for nearly thirty years from this time, and we draw our knowledge of them chiefly from notes taken by Horace Walpole and Lord Chancellor Hardwicke. What is still more remarkable, the reports of the House of Commons, being taken by stealth, and on the merest sufferance, are of the most meagre kind, sometimes altogether wanting, and the speeches are given uniformly under fictitious names; for to have attributed to Pitt or Pelham their[112] speeches by name would have brought down on the printers the summary vengeance of the House. Many of the members complained bitterly of this breach of the privileges of Parliament, and of "being put into print by low fellows"; but Pelham had the sense to tolerate them, saying, "Let them alone; they make better speeches for us than we can make for ourselves." Altogether, the House of Commons exhibited the most deplorable aspect that can be conceived. The Ministry had pursued Walpole's system of buying up opponents by place, or pension, or secret service money, till there was no life left in the House. Ministers passed their measures without troubling themselves to say much in their behalf; and the opposition dwindled to Sir John Hinde Cotton, now dismissed from office, and a feeble remnant of Jacobites raised but miserable resistance. In vain the Prince of Wales and the secret instigations of Bolingbroke and Doddington stimulated the spirit of discontent; both Houses had degenerated into most silent and insignificant arenas of very commonplace business. "It certainly will be. Miss Widgeon," answered Maria, with strictly "company manners." "One who has never had a brother exposed to the constant dangers of army life can hardly understand how glad we all feel to have Si snatched from the very jaws of death and brung back to us." "Just plug at 'em as you would at a crow, and then go on your way whistlin'?" persisted Harry. "Hurroo!" echoed Hennessey; "that's the ticket." "Come forward, keeper," continued the baron, "and state how these arrows came into your hands!" "Yes." HoMEJULIA京香2018下载
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