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[00:12.67]This week on our national parks journey,
[00:17.00]we explore a remote island near Michigan's border with Canada.
[00:25.20]It sits within a huge freshwater lake.
[00:30.76]It is one of the least-visited national parks in America.
[00:36.92]Welcome to Isle Royale National Park!
[00:41.44]Isle Royale is surrounded by the deep blue waters of Lake Superior,
[00:50.20]the largest freshwater lake on Earth by area.
[00:55.96]The park's quiet forests and rocky shores offer a kind of solitude and peace
[01:05.76]not found in some of the more popular national parks.
[01:10.76]No cars or other wheeled vehicles are permitted on Isle Royale.
[01:19.04]There are no real roads on the island.
[01:23.24]The only way to get to the park is by boat or sea plane.
[01:29.40]The National Park Service operates shuttle boats that take visitors to Isle Royale.
[01:38.00]The boats leave from two Michigan ports.
[01:42.20]A boat trip to Isle Royale takes three to five hours.
[01:48.36]Waters are often extremely rough.
[01:52.68]Isle Royale is the largest of the islands within the national park.
[01:59.04]It is 72 kilometers long.
[02:03.84]The entire national park protects a total area of 230,000 hectares,
[02:14.20]including some 450 islands that surround Isle Royale.
[02:21.36]Fifty-two-thousand hectares is land. The rest is water.
[02:27.96]Isle Royale became a national park in 1940.
[02:34.40]In 1980, officials named it an International Biosphere Reserve
[02:42.64]because of its unique ecosystem.
[02:46.76]Its remote location is part of what makes it among the least-visited national parks.
[02:56.08]But, once they arrive, most visitors stay a while.
[03:02.64]The average stay for visitors to Isle Royale National Park is 3.5 days.
[03:11.24]The average stay for visitors to most other national parks is just four hours.
[03:19.80]Isle Royale offers hiking, camping, boating, and even scuba diving.
[03:29.36]The extremely cold waters of Lake Superior help keep shipwrecks in excellent condition.
[03:39.12]The National Park Service protects 11 sunken boats for divers to explore.
[03:47.68]They are reminders of Lake Superior's commercial shipping history.
[03:54.68]The sunken wooden ship called The America is one of the most popular dive sites.
[04:02.56]The America carried passengers, mail,
[04:06.52]and supplies to many towns along the shores of Lake Superior.
[04:13.68]It first launched in 1898, and was used until 1928, when it was damaged.
[04:24.60]It sank to the bottom of the lake soon after.
[04:28.96]Today, divers can swim through the ship's ballroom, bedrooms and engine room.
[04:37.84]Painted on the ship's engine is an American flag.
[04:42.69]Many divers take pictures of this sight.
[04:47.40]The Rock Harbor lighthouse is another reminder of the former shipping industry.
[04:55.68]Workers built the lighthouse in the 1850s to help guide ships safely to the island's copper mines.
[05:06.56]The mining industry was short-lived, however.
[05:11.68]The lighthouse itself lit the way for ships for just 24 years.
[05:19.24]But, it still stands today.
[05:22.20]Inside, exhibits and information help visitors understand Isle Royale's maritime history.
[05:32.36]A short hiking trail leads visitors to the lighthouse.
[05:37.76]Visitors to Isle Royale share the trails with a well-studied population of moose and wolves.
[05:47.76]Both species migrated to the island sometime in the early to mid-1900s.
[05:56.33]Scientists believe that moose swam to the island.
[06:01.72]They think wolves walked there during a freeze of the lake sometime in the 1940s.
[06:10.49]Scientists have closely studied the relationship
[06:14.56]between Isle Royale's wolves and moose since the late 1950s.
[06:21.84]It is one of the best-studied predatory-prey relationships in the world.
[06:30.00]Researchers closely record their population numbers.
[06:36.12]Much of the research takes place during the winter, when the trees are bare.
[06:43.20]The researchers fly over the island to observe the animals from above.
[06:51.00]In early 2016, researchers from Michigan Tech University
[06:57.52]observed just two remaining wolves on Isle Royale.
[07:03.36]The moose population, however, is growing.
[07:07.92]Scientists observed about 1,300 moose on the island this winter.
[07:16.68]Animal research is the only winter activity going on at Isle Royale.
[07:23.96]The national park is closed each year beginning in late October
[07:30.60]because of the harsh weather conditions.
[07:34.52]It reopens in spring time the next year.
[07:38.64]But for the other months of the year,
[07:42.92]Isle Royale offers refreshing lake breezes,
[07:47.40]green forests, and clear blue waters.
[07:52.20]Its stunning scenery and unusual solitude
[07:57.20]keep visitors returning year after year.
[08:01.52]I'm Ashley Thompson.
[08:03.84]And I'm Caty Weaver.
[08:06.00]更多听力请访问21VOA.COM
END OF TRACK. "END OF TRACK." The two men bowed. "Whoever was that person you were talking to?" she enquired, as soon as they stood together. The took of triumph faded from her eyes, she had grown worn and weary. The roses were wilting on the walls, the lights were mostly down now. Hetty, looking in to see if anything was wanted, found herself driven away almost fiercely. I only saw Master Jervie once when he called at tea time, The year 1747 was opened by measures of restriction. The House of Lords, offended at the publication of the proceedings of the trial of Lord Lovat, summoned the parties to their bar, committed them to prison, and refused to liberate them till they had pledged themselves not to repeat the offence, and had paid very heavy fees. The consequence of this was that the transactions of the Peers were almost entirely suppressed for nearly thirty years from this time, and we draw our knowledge of them chiefly from notes taken by Horace Walpole and Lord Chancellor Hardwicke. What is still more remarkable, the reports of the House of Commons, being taken by stealth, and on the merest sufferance, are of the most meagre kind, sometimes altogether wanting, and the speeches are given uniformly under fictitious names; for to have attributed to Pitt or Pelham their[112] speeches by name would have brought down on the printers the summary vengeance of the House. Many of the members complained bitterly of this breach of the privileges of Parliament, and of "being put into print by low fellows"; but Pelham had the sense to tolerate them, saying, "Let them alone; they make better speeches for us than we can make for ourselves." Altogether, the House of Commons exhibited the most deplorable aspect that can be conceived. The Ministry had pursued Walpole's system of buying up opponents by place, or pension, or secret service money, till there was no life left in the House. Ministers passed their measures without troubling themselves to say much in their behalf; and the opposition dwindled to Sir John Hinde Cotton, now dismissed from office, and a feeble remnant of Jacobites raised but miserable resistance. In vain the Prince of Wales and the secret instigations of Bolingbroke and Doddington stimulated the spirit of discontent; both Houses had degenerated into most silent and insignificant arenas of very commonplace business. "It certainly will be. Miss Widgeon," answered Maria, with strictly "company manners." "One who has never had a brother exposed to the constant dangers of army life can hardly understand how glad we all feel to have Si snatched from the very jaws of death and brung back to us." "Just plug at 'em as you would at a crow, and then go on your way whistlin'?" persisted Harry. "Hurroo!" echoed Hennessey; "that's the ticket." "Come forward, keeper," continued the baron, "and state how these arrows came into your hands!" "Yes." HoMEJULIA京香2018下载
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