[ti:Donald Trump: Unusual]
[by:www.21voa.com]
[00:00.00]更多听力请访问21VOA.COM
[00:06.04]VOA Learning English presents America's Presidents.
[00:12.16]Today we are talking about Donald Trump.
[00:15.52]He was elected in 2016.
[00:18.96]Because his presidency is so new,
[00:22.40]this program will not discuss his time in office.
[00:26.84]Instead, it will discuss his early life.
[00:31.08]And it will note a few ways that Trump's background is
[00:35.84]unusual compared to most U.S. presidents.
[00:40.48]Early life
[00:53.44]Donald Trump was born in Queens,
[00:56.64]a borough of New York City.
[00:59.20]He was the fourth child. He had two brothers and two sisters.
[01:04.92]His mother had been born in Scotland.
[01:07.88]His father, whose relatives were German,
[01:11.36]became a successful businessman in New York.
[01:16.12]Donald and his two brothers helped their father in the family business.
[01:21.60]At the time, the business was called Elizabeth Trump and Son,
[01:26.94]after his grandmother and father.
[01:30.24]The work related to building, buying, and managing property.
[01:36.64]By his own telling, young Donald often created trouble in school.
[01:43.68]So when he was 13 years old, his parents sent him to a military-style school.
[01:52.28]Donald said that, for the most part, he enjoyed the experience.
[01:58.16]Other students there remembered him as a good baseball player,
[02:03.08]as popular with girls, and as someone who wanted to succeed.
[02:10.28]Trump went on to college first at Fordham University in New York,
[02:15.28]and then at the University of Pennsylvania.
[02:18.96]He earned a degree in economics.
[02:22.24]He was also already investing in real estate.
[02:26.96]After he graduated, Trump quickly returned to New York City and his career.
[02:33.52]In time, he became the head of the family business.
[02:38.56]He re-named it the Trump Organization.
[02:42.52]As its president, Trump developed and put his name on luxury buildings,
[02:48.32]casinos, hotels, and golf courses around the world.
[02:54.44]Later, he became linked to the entertainment industry, too.
[02:59.72]He became a part owner of beauty pageants, hosted a television show,
[03:05.64]and wrote a book about how to succeed in business.
[03:11.08]During these years, Trump also married three times and divorced twice.
[03:18.72]The media wrote especially about his first and second marriages
[03:23.24]because he openly had a relationship with his second wife
[03:27.12]while he was married to his first.
[03:29.92]In 2005, he married Melania Knauss,
[03:34.60]a former model from Slovenia.
[03:37.76]She is only the second first lady who was not born in the United States.
[03:44.28]The first was Louisa Adams, who came from Britain in 1801.
[03:51.36]All together, Trump has three sons and two daughters.
[03:57.68]Because Trump has been a public figure for most of his life,
[04:02.64]many Americans were familiar with him before he ran for president.
[04:08.24]To some, he is linked to success in business and branding.
[04:13.76]To others, notes journalist Jackie Calmes,
[04:17.84]he is linked to debt and legal battles.
[04:22.20]But, until he officially entered the 2016 campaign as a Republican candidate,
[04:29.20]few linked him to politics.
[04:32.32]Trump is unusual among past presidents
[04:36.92]in that he had never worked in the government before.
[04:40.72]Nor has Trump served in the military.
[04:44.32]Only Presidents Taylor, Grant, and Eisenhower
[04:48.84]had no previous government experience;
[04:51.96]however, they had all been generals.
[04:55.68]During the campaign for president,
[04:58.04]other candidates spent money to buy advertising.
[05:02.12]But Trump spread his message
[05:04.32]on free television, radio and social media.
[05:09.76]Trump won the Republican nomination over 16 candidates.
[05:15.68]He went on to defeat Democratic nominee Hillary Clinton to win the presidency.
[05:23.36]Trump is the oldest person ever to take office.
[05:27.76]He was 70 years old when he was sworn in.
[05:32.44]He is also one of the richest.
[05:35.88]And Trump is unusual in how he communicates with the public.
[05:41.36]As president, he continues to use Twitter
[05:45.48]to communicate his thoughts directly to anyone who wants to follow him.
[05:51.44]Many earlier presidents also used changes in technology to interact with the public.
[05:58.76]Woodrow Wilson was the first to hold press conferences regularly with reporters.
[06:05.32]Franklin Roosevelt famously spoke to Americans on the radio.
[06:10.84]John F. Kennedy – and later Richard Nixon
[06:14.15]– are credited with using television to their advantage.
[06:19.32]But these episodes were often planned in advance.
[06:24.44]Trump has said he likes Twitter
[06:26.88]because he can share his thoughts immediately.
[06:30.68]And, he adds, the media and the public respond immediately, too.
[06:37.60]While the long-term effects of Trump's presidency are not yet known,
[06:42.44]he will likely be remembered in part
[06:45.08]for his direct and unscripted style of communication.
[06:50.32]I'm Kelly Jean Kelly.
[06:57.76]更多听力请访问21VOA.COM
END OF TRACK. "END OF TRACK." The two men bowed. "Whoever was that person you were talking to?" she enquired, as soon as they stood together. The took of triumph faded from her eyes, she had grown worn and weary. The roses were wilting on the walls, the lights were mostly down now. Hetty, looking in to see if anything was wanted, found herself driven away almost fiercely. I only saw Master Jervie once when he called at tea time, The year 1747 was opened by measures of restriction. The House of Lords, offended at the publication of the proceedings of the trial of Lord Lovat, summoned the parties to their bar, committed them to prison, and refused to liberate them till they had pledged themselves not to repeat the offence, and had paid very heavy fees. The consequence of this was that the transactions of the Peers were almost entirely suppressed for nearly thirty years from this time, and we draw our knowledge of them chiefly from notes taken by Horace Walpole and Lord Chancellor Hardwicke. What is still more remarkable, the reports of the House of Commons, being taken by stealth, and on the merest sufferance, are of the most meagre kind, sometimes altogether wanting, and the speeches are given uniformly under fictitious names; for to have attributed to Pitt or Pelham their[112] speeches by name would have brought down on the printers the summary vengeance of the House. Many of the members complained bitterly of this breach of the privileges of Parliament, and of "being put into print by low fellows"; but Pelham had the sense to tolerate them, saying, "Let them alone; they make better speeches for us than we can make for ourselves." Altogether, the House of Commons exhibited the most deplorable aspect that can be conceived. The Ministry had pursued Walpole's system of buying up opponents by place, or pension, or secret service money, till there was no life left in the House. Ministers passed their measures without troubling themselves to say much in their behalf; and the opposition dwindled to Sir John Hinde Cotton, now dismissed from office, and a feeble remnant of Jacobites raised but miserable resistance. In vain the Prince of Wales and the secret instigations of Bolingbroke and Doddington stimulated the spirit of discontent; both Houses had degenerated into most silent and insignificant arenas of very commonplace business. "It certainly will be. Miss Widgeon," answered Maria, with strictly "company manners." "One who has never had a brother exposed to the constant dangers of army life can hardly understand how glad we all feel to have Si snatched from the very jaws of death and brung back to us." "Just plug at 'em as you would at a crow, and then go on your way whistlin'?" persisted Harry. "Hurroo!" echoed Hennessey; "that's the ticket." "Come forward, keeper," continued the baron, "and state how these arrows came into your hands!" "Yes." HoMEJULIA京香2018下载
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