[ti:Are Student-athletes Considered College Employees?]
[by:www.21voa.com]
[00:00.00]更多听力请访问21VOA.COM
[00:00.04]The Dartmouth College men's basketball team
[00:03.24]voted to join a labor organization,
[00:06.92]called a union, this week.
[00:10.80]The move means that the student-athletes on the team
[00:14.24]could have the right to negotiate
[00:17.32]a working contract like other university employees.
[00:23.04]In an election held by the National
[00:26.28]Labor Relations Board (NLRB),
[00:30.40]the team members voted 13-2
[00:34.04]to join Service Employees International Union Local 560.
[00:41.16]The same union
[00:43.08]also represents some workers at Dartmouth.
[00:47.20]Cade Haskins and Romeo Myrthil
[00:51.56]are Dartmouth basketball players.
[00:54.84]The student-athletes said of the vote,
[00:57.56]"... we, as students, can also be
[01:01.68]both campus workers and union members.
[01:06.16]Dartmouth seems to be stuck in the past.
[01:08.88]It's time for the age of amateurism to end."
[01:14.52]However, the school in Hanover, New Hampshire
[01:18.40]has already appealed the local NLRB decision.
[01:23.16]In a statement, Dartmouth said,
[01:25.84]"Classifying these students as employees
[01:29.32]simply because they play basketball
[01:32.20]is as unprecedented as it is inaccurate."
[01:37.16]The school also warned the students that unionizing
[01:41.72]could get the team removed from athletic competition.
[01:46.88]Both sides have until March 12
[01:50.92]to file objections with the NLRB.
[01:56.36]The case could also end up in federal court,
[02:00.24]which would likely delay the outcome for some time.
[02:06.12]The Dartmouth vote is the latest effort
[02:09.40]by student-athletes to unionize and gain money
[02:14.04]and other rights in exchange for many hours
[02:18.00]spent practicing and playing sports.
[02:21.76]In 2015, a local NLRB blocked an attempt by students
[02:28.64]on the football team at Northwestern University
[02:32.68]in Illinois to form a union.
[02:37.36]But the decision did not directly answer the question
[02:41.56]of whether student-athletes are employees.
[02:46.84]The history of college students playing sports
[02:50.80]for their school goes back over 100 years.
[02:55.72]The National Collegiate Athletic Association, or NCAA,
[03:01.68]is the governing body for college sports.
[03:06.56]The organization has long said that its players
[03:10.88]are "student-athletes" who go to school mainly to study.
[03:17.44]At first, students were not paid to play sports
[03:21.64]and were considered "amateurs."
[03:25.00]Gradually, student-athletes from large universities
[03:29.36]started receiving money for housing, food and tuition.
[03:35.76]In recent years, American television networks
[03:39.44]have spent more money to broadcast college sports
[03:43.68]around the country and the world.
[03:47.08]The Big Ten, an athletic organization
[03:51.08]with college teams from the New York area
[03:54.36]to Los Angeles, reached an agreement in 2022
[03:59.00]to broadcast its football
[04:01.32]and basketball games for $7 billion.
[04:06.64]As college sports became popular,
[04:09.64]teams from large universities now regularly play
[04:14.28]in front of large crowds of up to 100,000 people.
[04:20.40]And some student-athletes
[04:22.52]have become even better known
[04:24.92]than professional athletes.
[04:28.28]In 2021, the U.S. Supreme Court
[04:32.28]ruled that the NCAA
[04:34.92]could not prevent college athletes
[04:37.60]from getting paid by outside groups
[04:40.60]in return for the use of their name or image.
[04:45.68]That opened the door
[04:47.44]for some college athletes to make lots of money.
[04:52.44]This year, one top student-athlete is Caitlin Clark,
[04:56.64]a basketball player at the University of Iowa.
[05:01.80]She set college scoring records
[05:04.36]and reportedly earns nearly $1 million a year
[05:08.52]for the use of her name and image.
[05:12.96]The Dartmouth basketball players
[05:15.36]will never be famous enough
[05:17.56]to make that kind of money.
[05:20.64]One student-athlete said what he really wants
[05:24.16]from the union push is to get access to better healthcare
[05:28.60]so he can heal his basketball injuries.
[05:33.00]Tony Clark is the head of
[05:34.56]the Major League Baseball Players Association.
[05:37.36]He said the vote gives the Dartmouth basketball players
[05:41.76]"a seat at the table and powerful voice."
[05:47.40]One basketball coach whose team is very well known
[05:51.80]– Dan Hurley of the University of Connecticut
[05:55.60]– said some kind of union or players' organization
[06:00.08]is the future of college sports.
[06:03.60]"These players are putting in incredible work days,
[06:07.40]work weeks for five, six months," he said.
[06:12.44]"I think there's so much there
[06:14.64]that's going to have to be settled."
[06:17.76]A 2015 legal case suggested athletes
[06:21.92]like the basketball players
[06:23.96]can spend up to 40 hours per week
[06:27.12]involved in their sports activities,
[06:29.92]leaving little time for study or work.
[06:34.56]Haskins said he loves playing basketball.
[06:38.04]But he has had serious injuries to his ankle,
[06:41.44]hip and shoulder while playing.
[06:44.52]"It is definitely a burden," he said.
[06:47.36]Union interest among younger workers is growing,
[06:51.56]says the Economic Policy Institute.
[06:54.40]Workers under 45
[06:56.92]joined unions at the highest rate in 2023.
[07:02.08]Myrthil said he will talk about the union
[07:05.28]with new students who are coming next year.
[07:08.24]"We'll introduce them to the idea
[07:10.80]and what it means," he said.
[07:12.80]"And then hopefully it gets passed on."
[07:15.60]I'm Dan Friedell.
[07:17.72]And I'm Gena Bennett. 更多听力请访问21VOA.COM
END OF TRACK. "END OF TRACK." The two men bowed. "Whoever was that person you were talking to?" she enquired, as soon as they stood together. The took of triumph faded from her eyes, she had grown worn and weary. The roses were wilting on the walls, the lights were mostly down now. Hetty, looking in to see if anything was wanted, found herself driven away almost fiercely. I only saw Master Jervie once when he called at tea time, The year 1747 was opened by measures of restriction. The House of Lords, offended at the publication of the proceedings of the trial of Lord Lovat, summoned the parties to their bar, committed them to prison, and refused to liberate them till they had pledged themselves not to repeat the offence, and had paid very heavy fees. The consequence of this was that the transactions of the Peers were almost entirely suppressed for nearly thirty years from this time, and we draw our knowledge of them chiefly from notes taken by Horace Walpole and Lord Chancellor Hardwicke. What is still more remarkable, the reports of the House of Commons, being taken by stealth, and on the merest sufferance, are of the most meagre kind, sometimes altogether wanting, and the speeches are given uniformly under fictitious names; for to have attributed to Pitt or Pelham their[112] speeches by name would have brought down on the printers the summary vengeance of the House. Many of the members complained bitterly of this breach of the privileges of Parliament, and of "being put into print by low fellows"; but Pelham had the sense to tolerate them, saying, "Let them alone; they make better speeches for us than we can make for ourselves." Altogether, the House of Commons exhibited the most deplorable aspect that can be conceived. The Ministry had pursued Walpole's system of buying up opponents by place, or pension, or secret service money, till there was no life left in the House. Ministers passed their measures without troubling themselves to say much in their behalf; and the opposition dwindled to Sir John Hinde Cotton, now dismissed from office, and a feeble remnant of Jacobites raised but miserable resistance. In vain the Prince of Wales and the secret instigations of Bolingbroke and Doddington stimulated the spirit of discontent; both Houses had degenerated into most silent and insignificant arenas of very commonplace business. "It certainly will be. Miss Widgeon," answered Maria, with strictly "company manners." "One who has never had a brother exposed to the constant dangers of army life can hardly understand how glad we all feel to have Si snatched from the very jaws of death and brung back to us." "Just plug at 'em as you would at a crow, and then go on your way whistlin'?" persisted Harry. "Hurroo!" echoed Hennessey; "that's the ticket." "Come forward, keeper," continued the baron, "and state how these arrows came into your hands!" "Yes." HoMEJULIA京香2018下载
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