[ti:Bangladesh’s Villages Bear the Brutal Cost of Climate Change]
[by:www.21voa.com]
[00:00.00]更多听力请访问21VOA.COM
[00:01.60]Adbus Satter lives in Bonnotola in southwestern Bangladesh.
[00:09.44]The small seaside village was once home to 2,000 people.
[00:16.32]Most of them were farmers, like Satter.
[00:21.24]But rising seas poisoned the soil with salt water.
[00:26.68]Two major storms in the last two years destroyed the mud barriers
[00:33.48]that protected the village from the sea.
[00:37.48]Today, only 480 people remain.
[00:41.80]The effects of global warming are destroying parts of Bangladesh,
[00:47.64]said Mohammad Shamsuddoha.
[00:51.08]He is the head of the non-profit Center
[00:54.20]for Participatory Research Development.
[00:57.88]"It's a grave concern for a country like Bangladesh," he said.
[01:03.40]He added that studies show some 30 million people
[01:08.64]may be forced to leave the country's coastal communities.
[01:14.16]This week, world leaders are gathered in Glasgow Scotland,
[01:19.32]for a United Nations climate conference.
[01:23.52]Countries like Bangladesh are pressing for more financial support
[01:28.40]to deal with the effects of climate change.
[01:32.36]A long-held promise for rich countries
[01:35.92]to give poor countries $100 billion each year
[01:40.44]to move to clean energy and deal
[01:43.20]with climate change has not been kept.
[01:46.68]Even the $80 billion that has been given
[01:50.56]is not enough to make much of a difference.
[01:54.40]Salt in soil has increased by 26 percent over the past 35 years.
[02:02.24]In 1973, 833,000 hectares of land were poisoned by sea water.
[02:11.92]Areas of fresh water were also poisoned.
[02:17.16]This grew to 1.02 million hectares in 2000,
[02:23.32]and 1.056 million hectares in 2009,
[02:29.92]reports Bangladesh's Soil Resources Development Institute.
[02:36.52]At Bonbibi Tola village, women gather daily at a well
[02:42.72]to collect water for cooking and drinking.
[02:46.08]The women walk up to 4 kilometers to get the water.
[02:50.68]But that will soon end.
[02:52.92]Wells in the area only have fresh water in the months
[02:57.04]after yearly heavy rains.
[02:59.48]In the summer, fresh water is difficult to find,
[03:03.68]said one of the women, Maheswari Halder.
[03:07.92]"This is the fate we all surrender to," she said.
[03:12.16]The villages lie in Bangladesh's
[03:15.44]southwestern Shyamnagar area.
[03:19.36]The area is home to 400,000 people.
[03:24.36]Officials say the government does not have the money
[03:27.88]to build desalination factories.
[03:30.96]"The area needs maybe 500 desalination plants.
[03:36.00]But we've only got 50 or so,"
[03:38.96]said Alamgir Kabir, head of a local organization.
[03:44.76]Between 2000 and 2009, only six countries in the world
[03:50.80]were more affected by climate change than Bangladesh.
[03:55.60]That information
[03:57.48]comes from the 2021 Climate Change Performance Index,
[04:03.08]by the nonprofit group Germanwatch.
[04:06.80]Bangladesh cannot pay for the costs
[04:10.60]of climate change on its own.
[04:13.76]And it should not have to, says Abdul Kalam Azad.
[04:19.60]He is the country's special representative
[04:22.84]to the Climate Vulnerable Forum.
[04:26.12]The group is made up of countries most at risk
[04:30.28]from the effects of climate change.
[04:33.56]Bangladesh has done far less to damage the Earth's atmosphere
[04:39.00]than larger industrialized countries.
[04:42.32]Yet Bangladesh is being badly hurt, Azad said.
[04:47.68]In a speech Monday at the U.N. climate meeting,
[04:51.88]Bangladesh's Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina
[04:56.32]said the large industrial countries that have caused
[05:00.28]most climate change should pay for the damage.
[05:04.68]The 2015 Paris climate agreement said that countries
[05:08.28]should address "loss and damage" due to climate change."
[05:15.12]But countries such as the United States are concerned
[05:19.96]that they might be held legally responsible
[05:23.76]for the effects of a century of carbon emissions.
[05:28.68]I'm Susan Shand.
[05:32.76]更多听力请访问21VOA.COM
END OF TRACK. "END OF TRACK." The two men bowed. "Whoever was that person you were talking to?" she enquired, as soon as they stood together. The took of triumph faded from her eyes, she had grown worn and weary. The roses were wilting on the walls, the lights were mostly down now. Hetty, looking in to see if anything was wanted, found herself driven away almost fiercely. I only saw Master Jervie once when he called at tea time, The year 1747 was opened by measures of restriction. The House of Lords, offended at the publication of the proceedings of the trial of Lord Lovat, summoned the parties to their bar, committed them to prison, and refused to liberate them till they had pledged themselves not to repeat the offence, and had paid very heavy fees. The consequence of this was that the transactions of the Peers were almost entirely suppressed for nearly thirty years from this time, and we draw our knowledge of them chiefly from notes taken by Horace Walpole and Lord Chancellor Hardwicke. What is still more remarkable, the reports of the House of Commons, being taken by stealth, and on the merest sufferance, are of the most meagre kind, sometimes altogether wanting, and the speeches are given uniformly under fictitious names; for to have attributed to Pitt or Pelham their[112] speeches by name would have brought down on the printers the summary vengeance of the House. Many of the members complained bitterly of this breach of the privileges of Parliament, and of "being put into print by low fellows"; but Pelham had the sense to tolerate them, saying, "Let them alone; they make better speeches for us than we can make for ourselves." Altogether, the House of Commons exhibited the most deplorable aspect that can be conceived. The Ministry had pursued Walpole's system of buying up opponents by place, or pension, or secret service money, till there was no life left in the House. Ministers passed their measures without troubling themselves to say much in their behalf; and the opposition dwindled to Sir John Hinde Cotton, now dismissed from office, and a feeble remnant of Jacobites raised but miserable resistance. In vain the Prince of Wales and the secret instigations of Bolingbroke and Doddington stimulated the spirit of discontent; both Houses had degenerated into most silent and insignificant arenas of very commonplace business. "It certainly will be. Miss Widgeon," answered Maria, with strictly "company manners." "One who has never had a brother exposed to the constant dangers of army life can hardly understand how glad we all feel to have Si snatched from the very jaws of death and brung back to us." "Just plug at 'em as you would at a crow, and then go on your way whistlin'?" persisted Harry. "Hurroo!" echoed Hennessey; "that's the ticket." "Come forward, keeper," continued the baron, "and state how these arrows came into your hands!" "Yes." HoMEJULIA京香2018下载
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