[ti:Mixture of Safe Chemicals May Cause Cancer]
[ar:Anna Matteo]
[al:Health & Lifestyle report]
[by:www.21voa.com]
[00:00.00]From VOA Learning English, this is the Health & Lifestyle report.
[00:05.47]Every day, people come into contact with thousands of chemicals.
[00:11.05]These chemicals are said to be harmless to human health.
[00:16.28]In fact, the chemicals are considered so safe that we wash with them.
[00:22.76]We put them on our bodies and even our faces.
[00:27.15]Other chemical products are used throughout our homes.
[00:31.99]By the time, you walk out your front door
[00:35.25]you have already been exposed to thousands of chemicals.
[00:39.93]On its own, each chemical seems harmless.
[00:44.23]But in combination with other chemicals, they may become deadly.
[00:49.92]That is the finding of a two-year study
[00:53.81]by a high-profile task force of scientists.
[00:58.25]The task force was told to investigate
[01:01.64]the cancer-causing possibility of chemical mixtures.
[01:06.52]Linda Gulliver was one of 174 scientists on the task force.
[01:13.41]Their job was to study the cancer-causing potential of 85 chemicals.
[01:19.74]All 85 are said to be common in the environment.
[01:24.49]Ms. Gulliver explains that chemicals have the potential, or ability,
[01:30.57]to form dangerous mixtures.
[01:32.90]Even simple minerals can become dangerous
[01:36.55]when mixed with chemicals found in plastics or beauty products.
[01:41.85]"We're talking about everything
[01:45.24]that could be from basic minerals elements
[01:50.63]like copper, nickel to pesticides that are used in things
[01:58.11]like cosmetics and hair sprays and nail polishes and food wrappers."
[02:03.09]Ms. Gulliver is also on the medical faculty of Otago University in Dunedin, New Zealand.
[02:10.97]While the chemicals are safe on their own, she says,
[02:14.81]the researchers found that many chemical compound cause cancer in human cells.
[02:21.24]Working in groups, the scientists explored
[02:25.92]how different chemical mixtures could lead to cancer.
[02:29.72]Ms. Gulliver's team looked at the ability of different combinations
[02:35.29]to support the increase of malignant human cells.
[02:39.79]She says the big issue –
[02:42.48]what she calls ‘the $64 million dollar question' – is,
[02:46.41]"Which common, every day chemicals do people need to avoid?"
[02:52.44]"The $64 million dollar question that everybody wants to ask is,
[02:55.48]‘Which ones [chemicals] should we be looking out for?'
[02:57.42]And the answer to that is, ‘We don't know yet.' "
[03:00.61]She says the current way to identify
[03:03.30]whether chemicals cause cancer is to test them one at a time.
[03:08.54]This method leads, she adds,
[03:11.58]to a long list of supposedly "safe" chemicals.
[03:15.87]She and her team say that approach needs to change.
[03:20.70]"We definitely need certain research ...
[03:23.07]to find out what mixtures of chemicals would be more harmful than others;
[03:28.26]what groups of chemicals, when together,
[03:30.56]would produce more harmful effects. And at the moment, that is not known."
[03:34.36]An estimated one in five cancers has been linked to chemical exposure.
[03:40.63]It may turn out that the cancer-causing villain is not a single chemical at all.
[03:46.91]The villain could be a deadly combination.
[03:50.67]The increase of risk to cancer could be from exposure
[03:55.70]to many chemical compounds at the same time, or simultaneously.
[04:02.14]The task force published its findings in the journal Carcinogenesis.
[04:08.06]And that's the Health & Lifestyle report. I'm Anna Matteo.
[04:12.59]Words in This Story
[04:15.97]expose – v. to cause (someone) to experience something
[04:21.50]or to be influenced or affected by something : exposure is the noun
[04:27.54]potential – n. a chance or possibility that something will happen
[04:33.61]or exist in the future : potential can also be used as an adjective
[04:39.50]task force – n. a group of people who deal with a specific problem
[04:46.62]villain – n. someone or something that is blamed for a particular problem or difficulty
[04:54.99]simultaneously – adv. happening at the same time: simultaneous is the adjective
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END OF TRACK. "END OF TRACK." The two men bowed. "Whoever was that person you were talking to?" she enquired, as soon as they stood together. The took of triumph faded from her eyes, she had grown worn and weary. The roses were wilting on the walls, the lights were mostly down now. Hetty, looking in to see if anything was wanted, found herself driven away almost fiercely. I only saw Master Jervie once when he called at tea time, The year 1747 was opened by measures of restriction. The House of Lords, offended at the publication of the proceedings of the trial of Lord Lovat, summoned the parties to their bar, committed them to prison, and refused to liberate them till they had pledged themselves not to repeat the offence, and had paid very heavy fees. The consequence of this was that the transactions of the Peers were almost entirely suppressed for nearly thirty years from this time, and we draw our knowledge of them chiefly from notes taken by Horace Walpole and Lord Chancellor Hardwicke. What is still more remarkable, the reports of the House of Commons, being taken by stealth, and on the merest sufferance, are of the most meagre kind, sometimes altogether wanting, and the speeches are given uniformly under fictitious names; for to have attributed to Pitt or Pelham their[112] speeches by name would have brought down on the printers the summary vengeance of the House. Many of the members complained bitterly of this breach of the privileges of Parliament, and of "being put into print by low fellows"; but Pelham had the sense to tolerate them, saying, "Let them alone; they make better speeches for us than we can make for ourselves." Altogether, the House of Commons exhibited the most deplorable aspect that can be conceived. The Ministry had pursued Walpole's system of buying up opponents by place, or pension, or secret service money, till there was no life left in the House. Ministers passed their measures without troubling themselves to say much in their behalf; and the opposition dwindled to Sir John Hinde Cotton, now dismissed from office, and a feeble remnant of Jacobites raised but miserable resistance. In vain the Prince of Wales and the secret instigations of Bolingbroke and Doddington stimulated the spirit of discontent; both Houses had degenerated into most silent and insignificant arenas of very commonplace business. "It certainly will be. Miss Widgeon," answered Maria, with strictly "company manners." "One who has never had a brother exposed to the constant dangers of army life can hardly understand how glad we all feel to have Si snatched from the very jaws of death and brung back to us." "Just plug at 'em as you would at a crow, and then go on your way whistlin'?" persisted Harry. "Hurroo!" echoed Hennessey; "that's the ticket." "Come forward, keeper," continued the baron, "and state how these arrows came into your hands!" "Yes." HoMEJULIA京香2018下载
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