[ti:Climate Change Has Already Affected South America]
[by:www.21voa.com]
[00:00.00]更多听力请访问21VOA.COM
[00:00.04]Scientists have long warned that extreme weather
[00:03.80]would cause major disasters in the future.
[00:07.92]But in South America, that future is already here.
[00:13.64]In the past month, there have been deadly landslides in Brazil,
[00:18.24]wildfires in Argentine wetlands and flooding in the Amazon.
[00:24.72]In just three hours on February 15,
[00:28.48]the Brazilian city of Petropolis received over 25 centimeters of rainfall.
[00:36.16]That is the most recorded in a single day
[00:39.60]since officials began keeping records in 1932.
[00:45.16]The resulting landslides killed more than 100 people
[00:49.40]and left nearly 1,000 others homeless.
[00:54.44]A recent report by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
[00:58.92]found that global warming is changing the strength
[01:02.92]and frequency of extreme weather events.
[01:07.64]These events have also become more difficult to predict,
[01:12.04]the report said, leading to additional damage.
[01:16.80]An historic drought of the Paraná River
[01:19.60]dried out much of Argentina's Ibera Wetlands.
[01:24.44]Its waters are at the lowest level since 1944.
[01:30.84]The area has had many severe wildfires in the last two months.
[01:38.24]Recently, 70 percent of the city of Jordao in Brazil's Amazon rainforest
[01:44.48]was underwater because of flooding from two rivers.
[01:49.68]The floods have severely affected the lives of thousands of people in the area,
[01:55.76]including 32 native Brazilian communities.
[02:01.64]The entire Amazon rainforest stores between 150 and 200 billion tonnes of carbon
[02:08.92]in its plant life and soil, says Carlos Nobre.
[02:13.24]He is a Brazilian climate scientist
[02:16.76]who has studied the Amazon for more than 30 years.
[02:21.84]Nobre told The Associated Press, "If you lose the forest,
[02:26.48]this carbon dioxide... goes into the atmosphere.
[02:30.32]It is very important to maintain the forest."
[02:35.64]But most governments across the area
[02:38.76]have failed to consider the IPCC's warnings and stop the destruction.
[02:45.96]Many South American leaders have not spoken
[02:49.20]about illegal logging and mining activities in at-risk areas.
[02:55.92]In Colombia, a recent increase in forest fires
[02:59.88]led more than 150 international researchers and activists
[03:04.92]to send a letter urging the government to do more to prevent them.
[03:11.12]Local lawyers and police officials have said the area
[03:15.32]is more and more dependent on activists for preservation.
[03:21.24]Alejandra Boloqui supervises a private protected land area
[03:26.52]in Argentina's Ibera Wetlands.
[03:31.04]She has been helping firefighters fight against wildfires there.
[03:37.44]Recently, she recorded 12 alligators fleeing the fires
[03:42.32]and walking down a dirt road in search of water.
[03:47.48]"When I started filming them, I cried.
[03:50.48]I felt they were saying to me: ‘I've been left without a home,
[03:54.96]I'm leaving,'" Boloqui told the AP.
[03:59.36]"It got my attention seeing so many alligators
[04:03.04]moving together during the day. ...They are very slow reptiles
[04:08.36]who move at night to avoid heat."
[04:12.24]The alligators and many other animals found shelter
[04:16.88]in a nearby body of water that had dried up due to lack of rain.
[04:23.08]It has since been refilled using water pumps powered by the sun.
[04:29.68]Local officials say the fires started
[04:32.80]with the burning of farmland for raising cows.
[04:37.92]That practice has been banned since December.
[04:42.52]IPCC experts say in the report
[04:45.96]that droughts make it easier for fires to spread quickly.
[04:52.24]Last year, Brazil's south and southeast areas
[04:56.48]faced their worst droughts in 90 years.
[05:01.72]In Manaus, the largest city in the Amazon, rivers rose to levels
[05:07.16]not seen in over 100 years of record-keeping.
[05:12.80]Flooding of streets and houses
[05:15.44]affected about 450,000 people in the area.
[05:21.04]The IPCC report says changes in the timing and strength of rainfall,
[05:27.16]along with extreme temperatures, are affecting agricultural production
[05:31.96]across Central and South America.
[05:36.16]I'm Jonathan Evans. 更多听力请访问21VOA.COM
END OF TRACK. "END OF TRACK." The two men bowed. "Whoever was that person you were talking to?" she enquired, as soon as they stood together. The took of triumph faded from her eyes, she had grown worn and weary. The roses were wilting on the walls, the lights were mostly down now. Hetty, looking in to see if anything was wanted, found herself driven away almost fiercely. I only saw Master Jervie once when he called at tea time, The year 1747 was opened by measures of restriction. The House of Lords, offended at the publication of the proceedings of the trial of Lord Lovat, summoned the parties to their bar, committed them to prison, and refused to liberate them till they had pledged themselves not to repeat the offence, and had paid very heavy fees. The consequence of this was that the transactions of the Peers were almost entirely suppressed for nearly thirty years from this time, and we draw our knowledge of them chiefly from notes taken by Horace Walpole and Lord Chancellor Hardwicke. What is still more remarkable, the reports of the House of Commons, being taken by stealth, and on the merest sufferance, are of the most meagre kind, sometimes altogether wanting, and the speeches are given uniformly under fictitious names; for to have attributed to Pitt or Pelham their[112] speeches by name would have brought down on the printers the summary vengeance of the House. Many of the members complained bitterly of this breach of the privileges of Parliament, and of "being put into print by low fellows"; but Pelham had the sense to tolerate them, saying, "Let them alone; they make better speeches for us than we can make for ourselves." Altogether, the House of Commons exhibited the most deplorable aspect that can be conceived. The Ministry had pursued Walpole's system of buying up opponents by place, or pension, or secret service money, till there was no life left in the House. Ministers passed their measures without troubling themselves to say much in their behalf; and the opposition dwindled to Sir John Hinde Cotton, now dismissed from office, and a feeble remnant of Jacobites raised but miserable resistance. In vain the Prince of Wales and the secret instigations of Bolingbroke and Doddington stimulated the spirit of discontent; both Houses had degenerated into most silent and insignificant arenas of very commonplace business. "It certainly will be. Miss Widgeon," answered Maria, with strictly "company manners." "One who has never had a brother exposed to the constant dangers of army life can hardly understand how glad we all feel to have Si snatched from the very jaws of death and brung back to us." "Just plug at 'em as you would at a crow, and then go on your way whistlin'?" persisted Harry. "Hurroo!" echoed Hennessey; "that's the ticket." "Come forward, keeper," continued the baron, "and state how these arrows came into your hands!" "Yes." HoMEJULIA京香2018下载
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