[ti:Social Media Companies Criticized over Russian Interference]
[by:www.21voa.com]
[00:00.00]更多听力请访问21VOA.COM
[00:00.00]United States lawmakers questioned representatives of Facebook,
[00:05.85]Twitter and Google over Russian efforts to influence the 2016 presidential election.
[00:14.94]The U.S. Congress is investigating how Russia
[00:19.74]used the companies' internet services
[00:22.83]to spread disinformation during the election.
[00:27.37]Congress also asked how the companies planned
[00:31.63]to stop the misuse of their services in the future.
[00:36.41]Senate Intelligence Chairman Richard Burr of North Carolina
[00:41.84]spoke to lawyers from the three companies at a hearing on Wednesday.
[00:48.06]He said media reports suggested that Russian-linked
[00:53.21]Facebook advertisements "directly influenced the election's outcome."
[00:58.82]The reports claim Russian government agents
[01:02.11]spent as much as $100,000 on Facebook advertisements.
[01:08.46]"You must do better to protect the American people
[01:12.28]and...all of your users from this kind of manipulation," Burr said.
[01:18.18]Senator Dianne Feinstein of California argued that social media companies
[01:24.89]are responsible for the material placed on their websites.
[01:29.73]Fienstein expressed anger over the reports
[01:33.44]and suggested that lawmakers may take action.
[01:37.80]She said, "You've created these platforms,
[01:42.42]and now they are being misused.
[01:45.14]And you have to be the ones to do something about it – or we will."
[01:49.45]Facebook, Instagram and Twitter identified some of the material
[01:55.87]that has been connected to Russian agents.
[01:59.11]Democratic Party members on the House Intelligence Committee
[02:03.95]showed examples of this material during the hearings.
[02:07.92]The advertisements, videos and tweets covered topics
[02:13.48]including race, immigration, Islam, and issues of sexual identity.
[02:20.22]Facebook, Twitter and Google have admitted that agents connected to Russia
[02:26.41]used false accounts on their sites throughout 2015 and 2016.
[02:33.73]They used the accounts and other methods to spread false advertisements
[02:39.73]and messages designed to make people angry.
[02:44.20]Facebook lawyer Colin Stretch told lawmakers last Wednesday
[02:49.82]that Russian-backed posts on his company's site reached millions of Americans.
[02:56.69]Lawyers for all three companies stated
[03:00.08]that they take the problem seriously and are aggressively fighting it.
[03:05.31]Sean Edgett, a lawyer for Twitter, repeated a statement
[03:10.72]he made to the Senate Judiciary Committee one day earlier.
[03:14.89]He said the company has studied all the posts on its site
[03:19.86]from September 1 to November 15, 2016.
[03:25.13]Edgett said Twitter has suspended 2,752 accounts suspected of Russian links.
[03:34.30]Colin Stretch said that false advertisements
[03:38.51]"were a very small fraction of the overall content on Facebook.
[03:43.73]He said, however, that the company was taking measures to improve.
[03:49.64]"We're hiring more ad reviewers,
[03:53.06]doubling or more our security engineering efforts,
[03:56.59]putting in place tighter content restrictions," he said.
[04:00.97]Stretch added that buyers of political ads
[04:05.31]would have to provide documentation about themselves.
[04:09.39]A few hours after meeting with the Senate Intelligence Committee,
[04:15.58]the companies' lawyers met with the House Select Committee
[04:19.86]on Intelligence to discuss the same issue.
[04:23.31]Republicans on that committee mainly discussed information
[04:27.99]from the websites showing when the Russian disinformation efforts began.
[04:33.44]The information showed that these efforts started
[04:37.21]before the Republican Party nominated Donald Trump as its presidential candidate.
[04:43.53]Senator James Risch of Idaho said,
[04:47.73]"This is a whole lot broader than simply the 2016 election.
[04:52.75]Google's lawyer Kent Walker agreed.
[04:56.80]He said, "The large majority of the material we saw
[05:01.27]was socially divisive rather than electoral advocacy."
[05:06.46]However, some Democrats disagreed.
[05:11.09]Representative Adam Schiff of California said Russian ads
[05:16.44]targeted stories about Hillary Clinton's health and legal problems.
[05:21.46]Some Democrats also accused the technology businesses
[05:26.08]of being slow to recognize and combat the threat.
[05:30.99]Senator Mark Warner of Virginia said the big social media companies
[05:36.79]have a lot of information about Americans.
[05:39.77]"And the idea that you had no idea that any of this
[05:44.13]was happening strains my credibility," he said.
[05:47.63]Both the House and Senate intelligence committees are holding yearlong
[05:53.43]investigations into Russian interference in the 2016 election.
[05:58.45]Reports from both are expected at a future date.
[06:03.07]Members of both parties in the Senate
[06:06.34]have introduced legislation to deal with the problem.
[06:10.75]The bills would require internet-based services to confirm
[06:15.66]and make public the identities of those buying political advertising.
[06:21.67]U.S. broadcasters are already required to do that.
[06:26.53]I'm Jonathan Evans.
[06:29.22]更多听力请访问21VOA.COM
END OF TRACK. "END OF TRACK." The two men bowed. "Whoever was that person you were talking to?" she enquired, as soon as they stood together. The took of triumph faded from her eyes, she had grown worn and weary. The roses were wilting on the walls, the lights were mostly down now. Hetty, looking in to see if anything was wanted, found herself driven away almost fiercely. I only saw Master Jervie once when he called at tea time, The year 1747 was opened by measures of restriction. The House of Lords, offended at the publication of the proceedings of the trial of Lord Lovat, summoned the parties to their bar, committed them to prison, and refused to liberate them till they had pledged themselves not to repeat the offence, and had paid very heavy fees. The consequence of this was that the transactions of the Peers were almost entirely suppressed for nearly thirty years from this time, and we draw our knowledge of them chiefly from notes taken by Horace Walpole and Lord Chancellor Hardwicke. What is still more remarkable, the reports of the House of Commons, being taken by stealth, and on the merest sufferance, are of the most meagre kind, sometimes altogether wanting, and the speeches are given uniformly under fictitious names; for to have attributed to Pitt or Pelham their[112] speeches by name would have brought down on the printers the summary vengeance of the House. Many of the members complained bitterly of this breach of the privileges of Parliament, and of "being put into print by low fellows"; but Pelham had the sense to tolerate them, saying, "Let them alone; they make better speeches for us than we can make for ourselves." Altogether, the House of Commons exhibited the most deplorable aspect that can be conceived. The Ministry had pursued Walpole's system of buying up opponents by place, or pension, or secret service money, till there was no life left in the House. Ministers passed their measures without troubling themselves to say much in their behalf; and the opposition dwindled to Sir John Hinde Cotton, now dismissed from office, and a feeble remnant of Jacobites raised but miserable resistance. In vain the Prince of Wales and the secret instigations of Bolingbroke and Doddington stimulated the spirit of discontent; both Houses had degenerated into most silent and insignificant arenas of very commonplace business. "It certainly will be. Miss Widgeon," answered Maria, with strictly "company manners." "One who has never had a brother exposed to the constant dangers of army life can hardly understand how glad we all feel to have Si snatched from the very jaws of death and brung back to us." "Just plug at 'em as you would at a crow, and then go on your way whistlin'?" persisted Harry. "Hurroo!" echoed Hennessey; "that's the ticket." "Come forward, keeper," continued the baron, "and state how these arrows came into your hands!" "Yes." HoMEJULIA京香2018下载
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