[ti:Explainer: How Are the Myanmar Protests Being Organized?]
[by:www.21voa.com]
[00:00.00]更多听力请访问21VOA.COM
[00:00.04]Protests in Myanmar against the military
[00:04.40]overthrow of the elected government
[00:07.72]have grown in recent days.
[00:10.92]But the country's military rulers have taken steps
[00:15.44]to make organizing the protests difficult or even illegal.
[00:22.04]Here is a look at who is organizing the protests
[00:26.76]and the problems they face:
[00:30.16]It was unclear for many days after the military overthrow on February 1
[00:37.64]whether demonstrations were permitted or not.
[00:41.48]But as the demonstrations grew and spread around the country,
[00:47.08]the military announced Monday it was banning peaceful public protests
[00:53.88]in the country's two largest cities.
[00:58.04]Gatherings of more than five people were outlawed and curfews
[01:02.96]were put in place from 8 p.m. to 4 a.m. for areas of Yangon and Mandalay.
[01:11.80]Thousands of people have been demonstrating in those cities since Saturday.
[01:18.48]The new restrictions have raised concerns
[01:22.04]about the possibility of a violent crackdown.
[01:26.44]For the most part, the protests have grown
[01:30.08]without any clear leadership structure.
[01:33.56]"This movement is leaderless -- people are getting on the streets
[01:38.56]in their own way and at their own will,"
[01:41.84]said Thinzar Shunlei Yi, a well-known activist.
[01:47.24]Activist groups, professional work groups,
[01:51.72]unions and others across Myanmar have all come out to protest.
[01:58.48]The demonstrators are supported by Aung San Suu Kyi's
[02:03.12]National League for Democracy party.
[02:06.60]Suu Kyi was ousted from power in the military takeover.
[02:11.92]Myanmar experienced direct military rule
[02:16.28]for more than 50 years until 2012.
[02:21.04]Shortly after the latest military overthrow, a Facebook page called
[02:27.16]"Civil Disobedience Movement" started calling for peaceful protests.
[02:33.52]The page now has more than 230,000 followers.
[02:39.04]It is also widely used by Twitter users in Myanmar.
[02:44.84]Health care workers also started a protest campaign.
[02:49.84]They are urging employees to refuse
[02:53.00]to work at state-run medical buildings.
[02:56.72]Some people who live in Yangon have voiced their anger
[03:01.48]by making loud noises across the city at night.
[03:06.08]One of the biggest problems for protesters
[03:09.56]has been the military's attempts to block communications.
[03:14.48]Facebook has 22 million users in Myanmar,
[03:19.08]nearly 40 percent of the population.
[03:22.20]The government acted quickly to shut Facebook down.
[03:27.16]But people then began moving to other social media services like Twitter.
[03:33.56]People have also been passing around information
[03:37.96]about how to keep communications secret
[03:41.40]and how to stay safe during protests.
[03:45.80]Last weekend, the military temporarily
[03:49.16]cut internet services and some phone service.
[03:53.56]But many protestors were quick to overcome those problems,
[03:58.08]with some using phones registered in neighboring Thailand.
[04:03.60]"Even when the internet was completely cut off on Saturday
[04:08.72]for 24 hours, people were able to communicate
[04:13.16]within Myanmar by phone," said Clare Hammond.
[04:17.72]She is a senior campaigner for the rights group Global Witness.
[04:23.16]For others, simple word of mouth and an understanding
[04:28.44]of where demonstrations took place in earlier years
[04:32.76]has brought them out in protest.
[04:36.12]The protesters seem to remain operating without fear,
[04:41.24]even with the new restrictions in place on demonstrations.
[04:45.76]Some are worried, however, that the military
[04:49.16]is preparing for a violent crackdown similar
[04:52.40]to those that ended past uprisings in 2007 and 1988.
[05:00.36]Linda Lakhdhir is a legal advisor at Human Rights Watch.
[05:05.52]She said the military could try to use violations of the new rules,
[05:11.28]as well as existing laws, to justify another crackdown.
[05:16.92]She called the laws "draconian."
[05:20.72]At times, police have used water cannons
[05:24.64]and non-deadly bullets at some protests,
[05:28.44]raising concerns about the possibility of additional government measures.
[05:34.92]I'm Susan Shand. 更多听力请访问21VOA.COM
END OF TRACK. "END OF TRACK." The two men bowed. "Whoever was that person you were talking to?" she enquired, as soon as they stood together. The took of triumph faded from her eyes, she had grown worn and weary. The roses were wilting on the walls, the lights were mostly down now. Hetty, looking in to see if anything was wanted, found herself driven away almost fiercely. I only saw Master Jervie once when he called at tea time, The year 1747 was opened by measures of restriction. The House of Lords, offended at the publication of the proceedings of the trial of Lord Lovat, summoned the parties to their bar, committed them to prison, and refused to liberate them till they had pledged themselves not to repeat the offence, and had paid very heavy fees. The consequence of this was that the transactions of the Peers were almost entirely suppressed for nearly thirty years from this time, and we draw our knowledge of them chiefly from notes taken by Horace Walpole and Lord Chancellor Hardwicke. What is still more remarkable, the reports of the House of Commons, being taken by stealth, and on the merest sufferance, are of the most meagre kind, sometimes altogether wanting, and the speeches are given uniformly under fictitious names; for to have attributed to Pitt or Pelham their[112] speeches by name would have brought down on the printers the summary vengeance of the House. Many of the members complained bitterly of this breach of the privileges of Parliament, and of "being put into print by low fellows"; but Pelham had the sense to tolerate them, saying, "Let them alone; they make better speeches for us than we can make for ourselves." Altogether, the House of Commons exhibited the most deplorable aspect that can be conceived. The Ministry had pursued Walpole's system of buying up opponents by place, or pension, or secret service money, till there was no life left in the House. Ministers passed their measures without troubling themselves to say much in their behalf; and the opposition dwindled to Sir John Hinde Cotton, now dismissed from office, and a feeble remnant of Jacobites raised but miserable resistance. In vain the Prince of Wales and the secret instigations of Bolingbroke and Doddington stimulated the spirit of discontent; both Houses had degenerated into most silent and insignificant arenas of very commonplace business. "It certainly will be. Miss Widgeon," answered Maria, with strictly "company manners." "One who has never had a brother exposed to the constant dangers of army life can hardly understand how glad we all feel to have Si snatched from the very jaws of death and brung back to us." "Just plug at 'em as you would at a crow, and then go on your way whistlin'?" persisted Harry. "Hurroo!" echoed Hennessey; "that's the ticket." "Come forward, keeper," continued the baron, "and state how these arrows came into your hands!" "Yes." HoMEJULIA京香2018下载
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