[ti:Handwriting Returns in California Schools]
[by:www.21voa.com]
[00:00.00]更多听力请访问21VOA.COM
[00:00.04]Starting this year, six- to twelve-year-olds in California
[00:06.00]will be required to learn cursive handwriting.
[00:11.32]The return to handwriting comes after many years
[00:15.44]in which typing on computer keyboards was taught
[00:19.88]and handwriting was pushed aside.
[00:24.40]Cursive is a kind of handwriting
[00:27.16]in which all the letters in a word
[00:29.84]are connected to each other.
[00:33.08]Assembly Bill 446 requires that handwriting
[00:38.68]be taught to 2.6 million Californian students
[00:44.08]in grades one through six.
[00:46.80]And it requires cursive lessons
[00:50.08]in grades three and above.
[00:53.68]Former elementary school teacher Sharon Quirk-Silva
[00:58.92]supported the bill and California Governor
[01:02.88]Gavin Newsom signed it into law in October.
[01:08.84]Experts say learning cursive improves brain development,
[01:13.76]reading skills, and hand movement.
[01:17.88]Some educators also find value in teaching children
[01:22.88]to read historic documents
[01:25.20]and family letters from past generations.
[01:30.28]Pamela Keller teaches grades four to six
[01:33.92]at Orangethorpe Elementary School in Fullerton
[01:38.88]about 50 kilometers southeast of Los Angeles.
[01:44.56]She said she was already teaching cursive
[01:48.00]before the law took effect on January 1.
[01:53.36]Some children complain about the difficulty,
[01:56.72]but Keller has a ready answer:
[01:59.88]"We tell them, well, it's going to make you smarter,
[02:04.60]it's going to make some connections in your brain,
[02:08.20]and it's going to help you move to the next level.
[02:13.16]And then they get excited because students
[02:16.28]want to be smarter. They want to learn," Keller said.
[02:21.92]During a recent visit to the school library,
[02:25.36]Keller said one student got excited
[02:28.88]seeing an image of the U.S. Constitution,
[02:32.72]written in 1787, saying, "It's cursive!"
[02:39.04]Several of Keller's students say the subject was difficult,
[02:43.84]like the letter Z, but they enjoyed it anyways.
[02:49.44]"I love it, because I just feel it's fancier...to write,
[02:53.92]and it's fun to learn new letters,"
[02:56.84]said Sophie Guardia, a 9-year-old in the fourth grade.
[03:02.72]In teacher Nancy Karcher's class,
[03:05.72]her third-grade students said, "It's fun,"
[03:09.28]"Now I can read my mom's writing,"
[03:11.96]and "It's for my secrets."
[03:16.00]As computers and smart devices grew in popularity,
[03:20.96]cursive writing was pushed aside.
[03:24.80]In 2010, the national Common Core education standards
[03:30.52]were published to help students prepare for university.
[03:35.96]Cursive was left out.
[03:39.16]"They stopped teaching kids how to form any letters at all.
[03:44.80]Teacher colleges are not preparing teachers
[03:48.08]to teach handwriting," said Kathleen Wright.
[03:53.36]She is the founder of the Handwriting Collective,
[03:57.00]a nonprofit group.
[04:00.16]But cursive is coming back.
[04:02.56]California became the 22nd U.S. state
[04:07.76]to require cursive handwriting
[04:10.32]and the 14th to pass a cursive teaching bill since 2014,
[04:17.12]said Lauren Gendill.
[04:20.48]She is a researcher
[04:22.36]at the National Conference of State Legislatures.
[04:27.56]Five states have introduced cursive bills so far in 2024.
[04:35.12]Leslie Zoroya is project director
[04:39.04]for reading language arts
[04:41.24]at the Los Angeles County Office of Education.
[04:46.60]She said research has shown
[04:49.64]that learning cursive supports several linked skills
[04:53.84]that improve childhood development.
[04:58.00]Zoroya said, "You're using different neural networks
[05:02.64]when you're doing cursive rather than printing.
[05:06.28]And so, it's creating those pathways in your brain."
[05:11.28]Zoroya said she got the idea
[05:14.08]from former California Governor Jerry Brown.
[05:18.80]California's teaching standards
[05:21.12]always had cursive writing goals,
[05:24.84]but Quirk-Silva said cursive
[05:27.32]was not always taught and was weakening.
[05:32.00]She said, "The hope of the legislation
[05:35.44]is that by the time students leave sixth grade,
[05:39.20]they would be able to read and write it."
[05:43.72]I'm Gregory Stachel. 更多听力请访问21VOA.COM
END OF TRACK. "END OF TRACK." The two men bowed. "Whoever was that person you were talking to?" she enquired, as soon as they stood together. The took of triumph faded from her eyes, she had grown worn and weary. The roses were wilting on the walls, the lights were mostly down now. Hetty, looking in to see if anything was wanted, found herself driven away almost fiercely. I only saw Master Jervie once when he called at tea time, The year 1747 was opened by measures of restriction. The House of Lords, offended at the publication of the proceedings of the trial of Lord Lovat, summoned the parties to their bar, committed them to prison, and refused to liberate them till they had pledged themselves not to repeat the offence, and had paid very heavy fees. The consequence of this was that the transactions of the Peers were almost entirely suppressed for nearly thirty years from this time, and we draw our knowledge of them chiefly from notes taken by Horace Walpole and Lord Chancellor Hardwicke. What is still more remarkable, the reports of the House of Commons, being taken by stealth, and on the merest sufferance, are of the most meagre kind, sometimes altogether wanting, and the speeches are given uniformly under fictitious names; for to have attributed to Pitt or Pelham their[112] speeches by name would have brought down on the printers the summary vengeance of the House. Many of the members complained bitterly of this breach of the privileges of Parliament, and of "being put into print by low fellows"; but Pelham had the sense to tolerate them, saying, "Let them alone; they make better speeches for us than we can make for ourselves." Altogether, the House of Commons exhibited the most deplorable aspect that can be conceived. The Ministry had pursued Walpole's system of buying up opponents by place, or pension, or secret service money, till there was no life left in the House. Ministers passed their measures without troubling themselves to say much in their behalf; and the opposition dwindled to Sir John Hinde Cotton, now dismissed from office, and a feeble remnant of Jacobites raised but miserable resistance. In vain the Prince of Wales and the secret instigations of Bolingbroke and Doddington stimulated the spirit of discontent; both Houses had degenerated into most silent and insignificant arenas of very commonplace business. "It certainly will be. Miss Widgeon," answered Maria, with strictly "company manners." "One who has never had a brother exposed to the constant dangers of army life can hardly understand how glad we all feel to have Si snatched from the very jaws of death and brung back to us." "Just plug at 'em as you would at a crow, and then go on your way whistlin'?" persisted Harry. "Hurroo!" echoed Hennessey; "that's the ticket." "Come forward, keeper," continued the baron, "and state how these arrows came into your hands!" "Yes." HoMEJULIA京香2018下载
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