[ti:Study Says Undocumented Students Need More Help]
[by:www.21voa.com]
[00:00.00]更多听力请访问21VOA.COM
[00:00.04]Researchers have found that about 321,000 undocumented
[00:05.76]and asylum-seeking children from Central America
[00:09.96]went to American schools from 2017 to 2019.
[00:17.08]The research was by the Rand Corporation,
[00:20.08]a nonprofit group based in California.
[00:24.56]During that same time period, the United States
[00:27.84]saw a large increase in undocumented immigrants entering the country
[00:32.72]through the southern border, mostly from Mexico, El Salvador,
[00:38.08]Guatemala and Honduras, the study says.
[00:42.76]The report estimates that 491,000 of the immigrants
[00:47.24]who remained in the United States were children,
[00:50.16]meaning just 65 percent enrolled in school.
[00:55.32]About 75 percent of the 321,000 students
[01:00.04]went to school in 10 states: California, Texas, Florida,
[01:05.96]New York, Virginia, Maryland, New Jersey,
[01:10.12]North Carolina, Georgia and Louisiana.
[01:14.88]When inside the country, U.S. federal law
[01:18.48]guarantees children an education
[01:21.08]without considering their immigration status.
[01:25.56]U.S. Education Secretary Miguel Cardona
[01:29.16]said he supports undocumented students' right
[01:32.36]to a public education.
[01:35.08]That is a contrast from former Education Secretary Betsy DeVos,
[01:40.16]who testified to Congress that school districts
[01:43.64]should be able to decide whether to report
[01:46.56]undocumented students to immigration officials.
[01:50.56]Cardona said in an interview with Newsweek
[01:53.76]that "when there are students that are here
[01:56.28]that need to be educated, we have an obligation.
[02:00.56]Whether or not that means they have different rights,
[02:03.16]I'll leave that to others. But when it comes to education,
[02:07.72]every student should get an education when they're here."
[02:12.28]Many states offer different levels of support to immigrants,
[02:16.56]both documented and undocumented, as well as to refugees.
[02:22.32]That can affect the quality of their education
[02:25.36]argue the Rand researchers.
[02:29.24]Some states give students more financial aid
[02:32.56]while some limit enrollment based on age.
[02:36.68]Some states give undocumented students
[02:39.36]access to lower in-state tuition
[02:41.68]to public universities, but others do not.
[02:45.92]Undocumented, asylum-seeking and refugee students
[02:50.12]face great difficulties while seeking an education.
[02:54.88]They can face trauma, language barriers, culture shock
[02:59.48]and a lack of basic needs like food and shelter.
[03:04.04]Some have never had a formal education.
[03:07.68]The Rand research focused on two districts
[03:11.72]that serve a large population of undocumented
[03:14.92]and asylum-seeking students:
[03:17.28]Jefferson Parish Schools in Louisiana
[03:20.52]and Oakland Unified School District in California.
[03:25.32]Both districts faced teacher and worker shortages.
[03:29.44]But the study noted several ways
[03:32.08]the districts were able to meet the challenges
[03:34.68]faced by that population of students.
[03:39.08]The two districts provided language supports
[03:42.08]to students and families, and guaranteed in-person enrollment.
[03:47.40]The districts also hired workers
[03:49.76]to help students with social and emotional needs.
[03:54.00]Many districts were not ready for the increase
[03:56.88]in undocumented students, the researchers say.
[04:00.76]Rand estimates that 2,000 more teachers and workers
[04:04.92]were needed in the seven states with the largest number
[04:08.08]of new students to keep classes the same size.
[04:12.88]The study also points to a need for more teacher training,
[04:16.84]mental health services and funding to districts
[04:20.24]with growing numbers of immigrants.
[04:23.40]The pandemic slowed all immigration
[04:25.76]to the United States in 2020, the study noted.
[04:30.28]But the U.S. has experienced "an unprecedented number of migrants"
[04:34.60]at the southern border this year, Homeland Security Secretary
[04:38.00]Alejandro Mayorkas told reporters in August.
[04:43.32]In addition, President Joe Biden has also asked Congress
[04:47.72]for funding to resettle 95,000 Afghans by September 2022.
[04:55.24]Leslie Villegas is an education researcher
[04:59.12]with The New America Foundation.
[05:02.28]She said that fewer than half of U.S. states
[05:05.84]track students with limited formal education,
[05:08.88]who are often undocumented immigrants and refugees.
[05:14.04]Without that information, Villegas said,
[05:17.00]it can be hard to know what sort of resources
[05:20.20]districts need to support those students.
[05:24.20]"Often, these are kids who have experienced trauma
[05:27.76]and face real barriers in how they interact with the education system
[05:32.88]— if they've ever interacted with the education system at all," she said.
[05:38.44]I'm Dan Novak. 更多听力请访问21VOA.COM
END OF TRACK. "END OF TRACK." The two men bowed. "Whoever was that person you were talking to?" she enquired, as soon as they stood together. The took of triumph faded from her eyes, she had grown worn and weary. The roses were wilting on the walls, the lights were mostly down now. Hetty, looking in to see if anything was wanted, found herself driven away almost fiercely. I only saw Master Jervie once when he called at tea time, The year 1747 was opened by measures of restriction. The House of Lords, offended at the publication of the proceedings of the trial of Lord Lovat, summoned the parties to their bar, committed them to prison, and refused to liberate them till they had pledged themselves not to repeat the offence, and had paid very heavy fees. The consequence of this was that the transactions of the Peers were almost entirely suppressed for nearly thirty years from this time, and we draw our knowledge of them chiefly from notes taken by Horace Walpole and Lord Chancellor Hardwicke. What is still more remarkable, the reports of the House of Commons, being taken by stealth, and on the merest sufferance, are of the most meagre kind, sometimes altogether wanting, and the speeches are given uniformly under fictitious names; for to have attributed to Pitt or Pelham their[112] speeches by name would have brought down on the printers the summary vengeance of the House. Many of the members complained bitterly of this breach of the privileges of Parliament, and of "being put into print by low fellows"; but Pelham had the sense to tolerate them, saying, "Let them alone; they make better speeches for us than we can make for ourselves." Altogether, the House of Commons exhibited the most deplorable aspect that can be conceived. The Ministry had pursued Walpole's system of buying up opponents by place, or pension, or secret service money, till there was no life left in the House. Ministers passed their measures without troubling themselves to say much in their behalf; and the opposition dwindled to Sir John Hinde Cotton, now dismissed from office, and a feeble remnant of Jacobites raised but miserable resistance. In vain the Prince of Wales and the secret instigations of Bolingbroke and Doddington stimulated the spirit of discontent; both Houses had degenerated into most silent and insignificant arenas of very commonplace business. "It certainly will be. Miss Widgeon," answered Maria, with strictly "company manners." "One who has never had a brother exposed to the constant dangers of army life can hardly understand how glad we all feel to have Si snatched from the very jaws of death and brung back to us." "Just plug at 'em as you would at a crow, and then go on your way whistlin'?" persisted Harry. "Hurroo!" echoed Hennessey; "that's the ticket." "Come forward, keeper," continued the baron, "and state how these arrows came into your hands!" "Yes." HoMEJULIA京香2018下载
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