[ti:Is COVID-19 Behind an Increase in Diabetes Cases?]
[by:www.21voa.com]
[00:00.00]更多听力请访问21VOA.COM
[00:00.04]Scientists are investigating a possible increase in diabetes cases
[00:06.24]since the beginning of the coronavirus pandemic.
[00:10.32]Diabetes is a condition in which the body cannot control sugars in the blood.
[00:17.52]The scientists want to find out if COVID-19
[00:21.36]has a connection with the increase or if it is a coincidence.
[00:26.36]A report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
[00:31.60]recently examined two large U.S. insurance databases.
[00:36.36]The databases included information about new diabetes cases
[00:42.00]from March 2020 through June 2021.
[00:47.36]The study found that diabetes was more common in children
[00:51.92]who had had COVID-19.
[00:55.84]The report did not look at the difference between Type 1 diabetes,
[01:00.60]which usually starts in childhood,
[01:03.08]and Type 2, the kind tied to being overweight.
[01:08.24]Rates of both kinds of diabetes have risen in U.S. children in recent years.
[01:15.20]But reports from Europe and some U.S. hospitals
[01:19.32]suggest the rates may have increased more during the pandemic.
[01:24.28]Dr. Inas Thomas of the University of Michigan's
[01:28.96]C.S. Mott Children's Hospital said,
[01:32.40]"I think we're all a little worried."
[01:35.92]Her hospital has seen a 30 percent increase in Type 1 diabetes,
[01:41.20]compared with the years before the pandemic, Thomas said.
[01:45.60]It is not known how many of the cases had COVID-19 at some point,
[01:51.88]but the timing raises concerns that there could be a connection, she said.
[01:58.12]Type 1 diabetes develops when the pancreas,
[02:01.84]an organ near the kidneys, produces little or no insulin,
[02:06.64]a hormone that controls blood sugar.
[02:09.44]It is thought to involve an autoimmune reaction.
[02:13.44]That means the body's defense system
[02:16.72]attacks insulin-making cells in the pancreas.
[02:21.00]Patients must use manufactured insulin to deal with the condition.
[02:26.04]Experts have believed for a long time that some earlier infection
[02:31.56]may set off that autoimmune reaction.
[02:34.88]With COVID-19, "We don't know if it's a direct effect
[02:40.24]or some other factor that's not fully understood yet,
[02:44.04]but we are hoping that this trend may help us figure out the trigger
[02:48.48]for what causes Type 1 diabetes," Thomas said.
[02:53.56]At Rady Children's Hospital in San Diego,
[02:56.76]Type 1 diabetes cases jumped almost 60 percent
[03:01.00]during the first year of the pandemic,
[03:03.60]compared with the previous 12 months.
[03:07.44]Researchers recently reported the finding
[03:10.12]in the medical publication JAMA Pediatrics.
[03:14.92]Just two percent of those children had had active COVID-19.
[03:20.96]The report did not have information on any previous infections.
[03:26.04]But the sharp increase was striking
[03:28.56]and "clearly there's a lot more work to be done
[03:31.60]to try to answer why is this happening,″
[03:34.84]said Dr. Jane Kim. She co-wrote the report.
[03:40.24]Type 2 diabetes mostly affects adults.
[03:43.80]It changes how the body uses insulin,
[03:46.80]leading to poorly controlled blood sugar.
[03:50.48]Causes are uncertain but genetics, too much weight,
[03:54.88]inactivity and unhealthy eating habits play a part.
[03:59.96]It can sometimes be treated or cured with lifestyle changes.
[04:05.44]Around the world, more than 540 million people have diabetes,
[04:10.64]including about 37 million in the United States.
[04:14.92]Most have Type 2 diabetes.
[04:17.96]Many more have higher than normal blood sugar levels, or prediabetes.
[04:24.04]Rising diabetes cases might reflect
[04:27.12]conditions involving pandemic restrictions.
[04:30.52]These could include delayed medical care for early signs of diabetes
[04:36.24]or unhealthy eating habits and inactivity
[04:39.60]in people already at risk for Type 2 diabetes.
[04:44.08]A diabetes center at Chicago's La Rabida Children's Hospital
[04:49.16]has seen an increase in prediabetes during the pandemic.
[04:54.00]Center co-director Rosemary Briars
[04:57.56]suspects long hours of online learning
[05:01.00]without physical activity played a part.
[05:05.20]Dr. Rasa Kazlauskaite is a diabetes specialist
[05:09.32]at Chicago's Rush University Medical Center.
[05:12.64]She said steroid drugs that are sometimes used
[05:16.84]to reduce inflammation in hospitalized patients
[05:20.36]with infections including COVID-19
[05:23.48]can cause blood sugar increases leading to diabetes.
[05:27.44]Sometimes the condition goes away after steroids are stopped,
[05:31.80]but not always, she said.
[05:34.28]The physical stress of severe COVID-19 and other illnesses
[05:39.56]can also cause high blood sugar and temporary diabetes, she added.
[05:45.88]Developing evidence suggests that the coronavirus
[05:49.64]— like some other viruses — can attack insulin-producing cells in the pancreas.
[05:56.56]That process might cause at least temporary diabetes in some people.
[06:02.84]To learn more, scientists in Denmark are getting adults
[06:06.84]recently diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes to take part in a study.
[06:12.08]The study group includes some people who had COVID-19.
[06:17.32]Over time, the researchers try to find out whether the condition
[06:21.44]progresses faster in those who had COVID-19.
[06:25.20]Such a study could help show how or if the infection
[06:29.56]might affect the development of diabetes,
[06:32.80]said researcher Dr. Morten Bjerregaard-Andersen.
[06:37.36]He is a diabetes specialist at the Hospital of South West Jutland.
[06:42.80]"The theory is if you had COVID-19,
[06:46.28]then your own insulin production will be more compromised
[06:50.04]than if you weren't infected," Bjerregaard-Andersen said.
[06:55.00]I'm John Russell. 更多听力请访问21VOA.COM
END OF TRACK. "END OF TRACK." The two men bowed. "Whoever was that person you were talking to?" she enquired, as soon as they stood together. The took of triumph faded from her eyes, she had grown worn and weary. The roses were wilting on the walls, the lights were mostly down now. Hetty, looking in to see if anything was wanted, found herself driven away almost fiercely. I only saw Master Jervie once when he called at tea time, The year 1747 was opened by measures of restriction. The House of Lords, offended at the publication of the proceedings of the trial of Lord Lovat, summoned the parties to their bar, committed them to prison, and refused to liberate them till they had pledged themselves not to repeat the offence, and had paid very heavy fees. The consequence of this was that the transactions of the Peers were almost entirely suppressed for nearly thirty years from this time, and we draw our knowledge of them chiefly from notes taken by Horace Walpole and Lord Chancellor Hardwicke. What is still more remarkable, the reports of the House of Commons, being taken by stealth, and on the merest sufferance, are of the most meagre kind, sometimes altogether wanting, and the speeches are given uniformly under fictitious names; for to have attributed to Pitt or Pelham their[112] speeches by name would have brought down on the printers the summary vengeance of the House. Many of the members complained bitterly of this breach of the privileges of Parliament, and of "being put into print by low fellows"; but Pelham had the sense to tolerate them, saying, "Let them alone; they make better speeches for us than we can make for ourselves." Altogether, the House of Commons exhibited the most deplorable aspect that can be conceived. The Ministry had pursued Walpole's system of buying up opponents by place, or pension, or secret service money, till there was no life left in the House. Ministers passed their measures without troubling themselves to say much in their behalf; and the opposition dwindled to Sir John Hinde Cotton, now dismissed from office, and a feeble remnant of Jacobites raised but miserable resistance. In vain the Prince of Wales and the secret instigations of Bolingbroke and Doddington stimulated the spirit of discontent; both Houses had degenerated into most silent and insignificant arenas of very commonplace business. "It certainly will be. Miss Widgeon," answered Maria, with strictly "company manners." "One who has never had a brother exposed to the constant dangers of army life can hardly understand how glad we all feel to have Si snatched from the very jaws of death and brung back to us." "Just plug at 'em as you would at a crow, and then go on your way whistlin'?" persisted Harry. "Hurroo!" echoed Hennessey; "that's the ticket." "Come forward, keeper," continued the baron, "and state how these arrows came into your hands!" "Yes." HoMEJULIA京香2018下载
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