[ti:J&J One-Shot Vaccine Effective in US, Less so in South Africa]
[by:www.21voa.com]
[00:00.00]更多听力请访问21VOA.COM
[00:00.04]American drugmaker Johnson & Johnson
[00:03.68]said Friday that its one-shot vaccine
[00:07.88]prevented COVID-19 in a large trial around the world.
[00:14.72]The vaccine, however, was less effective in South Africa
[00:19.68]where a worrisome variant is causing new infections.
[00:24.68]The Johnson & Johnson, or J&J, trial
[00:29.52]involved almost 44,000 volunteers.
[00:34.20]The company said the vaccine worked best in the United States
[00:39.36]with an efficacy rate of 72 percent.
[00:44.16]In Latin America, efficacy was 66 percent.
[00:49.32]J&J reported that South Africa saw
[00:52.92]the lowest efficacy rate of the vaccine, at 57 percent.
[00:58.84]On Thursday, another American company, Novavax,
[01:03.36]reported its own COVID-19 vaccine candidate
[01:07.24]was 89 percent effective among volunteers in Britain.
[01:12.64]But the results dropped to 49 percent
[01:16.16]with a smaller group of volunteers in South Africa.
[01:20.92]The two-shot vaccines from Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna
[01:26.64]were found to be nearly 95 percent effective
[01:30.56]against COVID-19 in large trials.
[01:35.16]Those trials, however, were held mainly in the U.S.
[01:39.84]And they took place before the spread
[01:43.36]of the new coronavirus variants
[01:46.00]from Britain, Brazil and South Africa.
[01:50.24]Dr. Paul Stoffels is J&J’s chief scientific officer.
[01:55.76]He noted that the World Health Organization
[01:59.32]considers a one-shot treatment to be the best choice
[02:03.76]to vaccinate people during a pandemic.
[02:07.80]Stoffels also pointed to the trial’s finding
[02:11.16]that the vaccine is 85 percent effective
[02:15.08]in preventing severe COVID-19.
[02:18.80]This offers “hope of helping ease the huge burden
[02:23.72]placed on healthcare systems and communities,” he said.
[02:29.52]Dr. Anthony Fauci is the U.S. government’s top infectious disease expert.
[02:35.88]He said the Johnson & Johnson study was “very encouraging.”
[02:41.72]At a coronavirus briefing Friday,
[02:45.76]Fauci called the emerging variants “a wake-up call for all of us.”
[02:51.84]He added that the best way to prevent more coronavirus variants
[02:57.56]is by “vaccinating as many people as you possibly can.”
[03:02.80]J&J said it will seek U.S. Food and Drug Administration permission
[03:09.00]in early February for emergency use of the vaccine.
[03:14.20]The agency requires a 50 percent
[03:17.72]or better efficacy rate to be approved for emergency use.
[03:22.32]Like other viruses, SARS-CoV-2,
[03:25.96]the coronavirus that causes COVID-19, is continually changing.
[03:32.04]Sometimes new variants appear and disappear.
[03:36.44]Other times, new variants appear and spread across many countries.
[03:43.76]Medical experts are especially concerned
[03:47.00]about the three SARS-CoV-2 variants
[03:50.52]that came from Britain, Brazil and South Africa.
[03:54.80]The U.S. government’s Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
[04:00.76]says they appear to spread more easily and quickly than other variants.
[04:08.32]In Britain, a coronavirus variant known as B.1.1.7
[04:14.04]was first recognized in September 2020.
[04:18.00]It quickly spread throughout the country and now is spreading
[04:23.48]throughout Europe, the United States and Canada.
[04:28.64]The coronavirus variant called P.1
[04:32.20]was first identified in four travelers from Brazil
[04:36.60]who were tested at an airport near Tokyo, Japan in January.
[04:42.72]It has spread to many countries
[04:45.24]including Germany, South Korea and the U.S.
[04:50.72]In South Africa, another variant called B.1.351
[04:56.44]appeared in early October.
[04:58.64]It has since spread to more than 30 countries
[05:03.76]including Australia, South Korea and Germany.
[05:08.68]On Thursday, American health officials reported
[05:13.20]the appearance of the South African variant in the U.S.
[05:17.96]They identified two cases in the state of South Carolina.
[05:23.32]The patients had no links to one another
[05:27.08]and neither had traveled recently.
[05:30.08]The experts say this suggests community spread
[05:34.92]started with a yet unidentified carrier.
[05:39.68]At this time, U.S. health agency experts
[05:43.36]says there is no evidence that new coronavirus variants
[05:48.04]cause more severe sickness or increased risk of death.
[05:54.08]However, scientists have reported that antibodies
[05:58.16]from a small number of people who had recovered from COVID-19
[06:03.60]were less effective against the variant from South Africa.
[06:09.00]Now, the results from J&J and Novavax trials confirm
[06:14.92]that current vaccines might be less effective
[06:18.52]against the South African variant than others.
[06:23.00]Both Moderna and Pfizer have since announced
[06:27.08]they are testing a booster of the approved vaccines
[06:31.36]against the new variants.
[06:33.92]I’m Caty Weaver. 更多听力请访问21VOA.COM
END OF TRACK. "END OF TRACK." The two men bowed. "Whoever was that person you were talking to?" she enquired, as soon as they stood together. The took of triumph faded from her eyes, she had grown worn and weary. The roses were wilting on the walls, the lights were mostly down now. Hetty, looking in to see if anything was wanted, found herself driven away almost fiercely. I only saw Master Jervie once when he called at tea time, The year 1747 was opened by measures of restriction. The House of Lords, offended at the publication of the proceedings of the trial of Lord Lovat, summoned the parties to their bar, committed them to prison, and refused to liberate them till they had pledged themselves not to repeat the offence, and had paid very heavy fees. The consequence of this was that the transactions of the Peers were almost entirely suppressed for nearly thirty years from this time, and we draw our knowledge of them chiefly from notes taken by Horace Walpole and Lord Chancellor Hardwicke. What is still more remarkable, the reports of the House of Commons, being taken by stealth, and on the merest sufferance, are of the most meagre kind, sometimes altogether wanting, and the speeches are given uniformly under fictitious names; for to have attributed to Pitt or Pelham their[112] speeches by name would have brought down on the printers the summary vengeance of the House. Many of the members complained bitterly of this breach of the privileges of Parliament, and of "being put into print by low fellows"; but Pelham had the sense to tolerate them, saying, "Let them alone; they make better speeches for us than we can make for ourselves." Altogether, the House of Commons exhibited the most deplorable aspect that can be conceived. The Ministry had pursued Walpole's system of buying up opponents by place, or pension, or secret service money, till there was no life left in the House. Ministers passed their measures without troubling themselves to say much in their behalf; and the opposition dwindled to Sir John Hinde Cotton, now dismissed from office, and a feeble remnant of Jacobites raised but miserable resistance. In vain the Prince of Wales and the secret instigations of Bolingbroke and Doddington stimulated the spirit of discontent; both Houses had degenerated into most silent and insignificant arenas of very commonplace business. "It certainly will be. Miss Widgeon," answered Maria, with strictly "company manners." "One who has never had a brother exposed to the constant dangers of army life can hardly understand how glad we all feel to have Si snatched from the very jaws of death and brung back to us." "Just plug at 'em as you would at a crow, and then go on your way whistlin'?" persisted Harry. "Hurroo!" echoed Hennessey; "that's the ticket." "Come forward, keeper," continued the baron, "and state how these arrows came into your hands!" "Yes." HoMEJULIA京香2018下载
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