[ti:Japan Confronts Rising Inequality]
[by:www.21voa.com]
[00:00.00]更多听力请访问21VOA.COM
[00:00.04]Japan's stock market has increased
[00:02.52]and luxury cars are selling well in Tokyo
[00:05.92]after eight years of economic growth under Abenomics.
[00:11.84]Abenomics is the economic policy
[00:14.88]begun under former Prime Minister Shinzo Abe.
[00:20.24]Under the policy, the Japanese government
[00:23.12]has used government spending
[00:25.56]and made lending money easier to help the economy.
[00:31.80]But recent data show that Japan's new wealth
[00:35.72]is centered in a small part of the population
[00:39.08]rather than spread widely.
[00:42.60]New Prime Minister Fumio Kishida
[00:45.48]has said dealing with that issue is important.
[00:50.44]Kishida has promised to deal with income inequality
[00:54.76]which the coronavirus health crisis has made worse.
[01:00.08]But he has offered few ideas as to how he will do so.
[01:05.76]"It's like everyone has become poor," said Masanori Aoki.
[01:11.80]He owns a small coffee shop
[01:13.84]in a working-class area of northeast Tokyo.
[01:19.24]"With Abenomics,
[01:20.64]the finance minister talked about wealth trickling down.
[01:25.08]But there was no such thing, was there? Almost nothing," he said.
[01:31.72]He took a job as a part-time bus driver
[01:34.80]when the COVID-19 pandemic forced him
[01:37.56]to temporarily shut down his store.
[01:41.76]Kimie Kobayashi works at a childcare center in Tokyo.
[01:48.08]She says her wages have not increased for four years.
[01:54.08]She said many who work in the industry
[01:56.72]have learned that wages rarely increase.
[02:01.44]"I can't say that my livelihood is getting any better," said Kobayashi.
[02:07.84]"The government collects tax but that money
[02:10.96]isn't used to help people who are really in need."
[02:15.64]Abenomics failed to create wealth to households
[02:19.48]through higher wages, data show.
[02:23.56]In a study by the Organization for Economic Cooperation (OECD),
[02:27.96]Japan's poverty rate is the second highest among G7 nations
[02:33.56]and ninth highest among OECD countries.
[02:38.84]That information is based on data available up to 2020.
[02:45.28]Wages rose just 1.2 percent from 2012
[02:50.28]through 2020, government data showed.
[02:55.24]Japanese households' average wealth fell by 3.5 percent
[03:00.64]from 2014 to 2019.
[03:05.12]However, another government study showed
[03:08.28]that the wealthiest 10 percent saw an increase.
[03:13.80]Inequality is far more evident in countries
[03:17.68]such as the United States and Britain.
[03:22.00]Japan stood around the middle of 39 countries examined
[03:26.60]by the OECD in 2020.
[03:31.08]The situation did improve for some in Japan.
[03:35.20]Manabu Fujisaki recently spent 7 million yen,
[03:40.20]about $62,000, on a Mercedes-Benz automobile
[03:45.56]using money made from investing in cryptocurrencies.
[03:51.08]A cryptocurrency is a form of digital money
[03:54.92]that is not regulated by a central bank
[03:58.00]and whose records are stored in an encrypted computer database.
[04:03.92]Fujisaki said he plans
[04:06.20]to build a 200-million-yen house in Tokyo next year.
[04:12.60]Department store Takashimaya says there is high demand
[04:17.52]for Patek Philippe watches that cost more than 10 million yen.
[04:23.96]And Alfa Romeo vehicle sales from April to September
[04:28.92]more than doubled from sales in 2020.
[04:33.92]Sales of other imported vehicles like Ferrari, Jaguar
[04:39.40]and Maserati also increased, industry data showed.
[04:44.96]Takahiro Koike runs the department store Isetan.
[04:50.80]He said, "We're seeing a clear rise in demand
[04:54.68]for luxury goods among the new rich."
[04:58.80]By new rich, he means newly wealthy young businessmen
[05:03.76]and other high earners.
[05:07.04]Kishida hopes to narrow the wealth disparity
[05:10.76]by forming what he calls a "new type of capitalism."
[05:15.88]That includes higher wages for public health
[05:19.40]and medical workers, and tax breaks to businesses that raise pay.
[05:26.88]Shigeto Nagai is an economist at Oxford Economics.
[05:31.88]He said offering short-term tax breaks
[05:35.80]is not likely to influence businesses to raise wages.
[05:41.64]Instead, Nagai suggests reforms in areas
[05:46.44]such as Japan's strict labor system.
[05:50.88]I'm Jonathan Evans. 更多听力请访问21VOA.COM
END OF TRACK. "END OF TRACK." The two men bowed. "Whoever was that person you were talking to?" she enquired, as soon as they stood together. The took of triumph faded from her eyes, she had grown worn and weary. The roses were wilting on the walls, the lights were mostly down now. Hetty, looking in to see if anything was wanted, found herself driven away almost fiercely. I only saw Master Jervie once when he called at tea time, The year 1747 was opened by measures of restriction. The House of Lords, offended at the publication of the proceedings of the trial of Lord Lovat, summoned the parties to their bar, committed them to prison, and refused to liberate them till they had pledged themselves not to repeat the offence, and had paid very heavy fees. The consequence of this was that the transactions of the Peers were almost entirely suppressed for nearly thirty years from this time, and we draw our knowledge of them chiefly from notes taken by Horace Walpole and Lord Chancellor Hardwicke. What is still more remarkable, the reports of the House of Commons, being taken by stealth, and on the merest sufferance, are of the most meagre kind, sometimes altogether wanting, and the speeches are given uniformly under fictitious names; for to have attributed to Pitt or Pelham their[112] speeches by name would have brought down on the printers the summary vengeance of the House. Many of the members complained bitterly of this breach of the privileges of Parliament, and of "being put into print by low fellows"; but Pelham had the sense to tolerate them, saying, "Let them alone; they make better speeches for us than we can make for ourselves." Altogether, the House of Commons exhibited the most deplorable aspect that can be conceived. The Ministry had pursued Walpole's system of buying up opponents by place, or pension, or secret service money, till there was no life left in the House. Ministers passed their measures without troubling themselves to say much in their behalf; and the opposition dwindled to Sir John Hinde Cotton, now dismissed from office, and a feeble remnant of Jacobites raised but miserable resistance. In vain the Prince of Wales and the secret instigations of Bolingbroke and Doddington stimulated the spirit of discontent; both Houses had degenerated into most silent and insignificant arenas of very commonplace business. "It certainly will be. Miss Widgeon," answered Maria, with strictly "company manners." "One who has never had a brother exposed to the constant dangers of army life can hardly understand how glad we all feel to have Si snatched from the very jaws of death and brung back to us." "Just plug at 'em as you would at a crow, and then go on your way whistlin'?" persisted Harry. "Hurroo!" echoed Hennessey; "that's the ticket." "Come forward, keeper," continued the baron, "and state how these arrows came into your hands!" "Yes." HoMEJULIA京香2018下载
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