[ti:A Final D.A.R.E.]
[ar:Faith Lapidus]
[al:WORDS AND THEIR STORIES]
[by:www.21voa.com]
[00:00.00]Go to 51voa.com for more...
[00:10.00]Now, the VOA Special English program
[00:14.11]WORDS AND THEIR STORIES.
[00:16.26]Today we talk about words like honeyfuggle
[00:20.32]and pinkletink, puckerbrush and swop.
[00:24.08]These are words not found in most dictionaries.
[00:27.93]But you can find them in the Dictionary of
[00:31.33]American Regional English.
[00:33.76]Joan Houston Hall is the chief editor.
[00:36.87]JOAN HOUSTON HALL: "The Dictionary
[00:38.33]of American Regional English, familiarly
[00:40.23]known as DARE by its acronym,
[00:43.05]is a collection of words and phrases
[00:45.79]and pronunciations and even bits of grammar
[00:48.85]and syntax that vary
[00:50.50]from one part of the country to another."
[00:52.39]The fifth and final book in the series
[00:55.60]was published last week.
[00:57.36]Work on DARE first began in nineteen sixty-five
[01:02.52]under Frederic Cassidy, an English professor
[01:06.26]at the University of Wisconsin-Madison.
[01:09.62]He and a team of eighty researchers traveled
[01:13.72]across the United States to document the words
[01:17.46]used by Americans to describe their daily lives.
[01:21.59]Ms. Hall says the final project is based on
[01:26.38]almost two and a half million responses
[01:29.53]to more than sixteen hundred questions.
[01:32.33]JOAN HOUSTON HALL: "The questionnaire
[01:33.88]dealt with all sorts of things
[01:35.98]that have to do with our daily lives
[01:37.44]-- from time and weather and food and clothing
[01:40.48]and farming and plants and animals
[01:43.28]and religion, health, disease, honesty, dishonesty
[01:47.78]-- all the parts of our lives that we have words for."
[01:51.12]The first book, in nineteen eighty-five,
[01:54.07]contained the letters A to C.
[01:57.15]The fifth and final volume starts
[02:00.67]with slab and ends with zydeco.
[02:04.11]DARE contains almost sixty thousand words and terms.
[02:09.42]Ms. Hall says these can show
[02:12.43]where the people who use them are from.
[02:14.79]JOAN HOUSTON HALL: "It's amazing to see
[02:17.19]the tremendous variety of terms used for the same thing."
[02:20.55]For example, in some areas,
[02:22.85]Americans call a carbonated drink a soda;
[02:26.81]in others they call it pop.
[02:29.31]Some cook with a frying pan; others call it a skillet.
[02:34.85]And a party where everyone brings food
[02:37.85]is either a potluck or a pitch-in.
[02:41.01]Linguist Ben Zimmer writes about language
[02:44.27]for the Boston Globe.
[02:45.73]He was not the only one excited
[02:48.74]at Ms. Hall's first public showing of the final DARE volume.
[02:53.44]It was at a meeting of the American Dialect Society in January.
[02:57.62]BEN ZIMMER: "We all gathered together in the conference room
[03:01.47]and Joan showed off volume five.
[03:05.48]And there were audible gasps in the room.
[03:08.18]I mean, it might as well have been accompanied
[03:11.03]by an angelic chorus.
[03:11.92]People just wanted to touch it
[03:14.32]like it was the holy relic or something."
[03:15.98]So now, what about honeyfuggle and those other words?
[03:20.07]Honeyfuggle means to cheat or trick.
[03:23.93]The earliest uses found
[03:26.21]were in the eighteen hundreds in the South.
[03:28.76]Pinkletink is the name that people
[03:32.30]in Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts,
[03:34.55]have given to a kind of tree frog.
[03:37.29]Puckerbrush is what people in northern New England
[03:41.13]call a tangled growth of bushes.
[03:43.79]And a swop is a small drink of liquor,
[03:47.58]at least in Annapolis, Maryland,
[03:49.74]and Greensburg, Pennsylvania.
[03:51.54]Here are a few others.
[03:53.65]The first person to enter a home on New Year's Day
[03:58.20]is called a first-footer in some places.
[04:01.05]What do you call dust or lint that collects
[04:05.12]in pockets and under beds?
[04:06.86]Some Americans call it flug.
[04:09.23]And finally, getting the runaround is not a regional term;
[04:14.63]it means getting purposely delayed or lied to.
[04:18.28]But to some, runaround is an old term
[04:21.91]for a swelling or infection in a finger,
[04:24.72]especially around the nail. Yuck!
[04:27.87](MUSIC)
[04:37.55]WORDS AND THEIR STORIES was written by June Simms.
[04:40.88]Transcripts, MP3s and podcasts of our programs
[04:44.94]are at 51voa.com.
[04:48.05]I'm Faith Lapidus.
[04:49.94]Go to 51voa.com for more...
END OF TRACK. "END OF TRACK." The two men bowed. "Whoever was that person you were talking to?" she enquired, as soon as they stood together. The took of triumph faded from her eyes, she had grown worn and weary. The roses were wilting on the walls, the lights were mostly down now. Hetty, looking in to see if anything was wanted, found herself driven away almost fiercely. I only saw Master Jervie once when he called at tea time, The year 1747 was opened by measures of restriction. The House of Lords, offended at the publication of the proceedings of the trial of Lord Lovat, summoned the parties to their bar, committed them to prison, and refused to liberate them till they had pledged themselves not to repeat the offence, and had paid very heavy fees. The consequence of this was that the transactions of the Peers were almost entirely suppressed for nearly thirty years from this time, and we draw our knowledge of them chiefly from notes taken by Horace Walpole and Lord Chancellor Hardwicke. What is still more remarkable, the reports of the House of Commons, being taken by stealth, and on the merest sufferance, are of the most meagre kind, sometimes altogether wanting, and the speeches are given uniformly under fictitious names; for to have attributed to Pitt or Pelham their[112] speeches by name would have brought down on the printers the summary vengeance of the House. Many of the members complained bitterly of this breach of the privileges of Parliament, and of "being put into print by low fellows"; but Pelham had the sense to tolerate them, saying, "Let them alone; they make better speeches for us than we can make for ourselves." Altogether, the House of Commons exhibited the most deplorable aspect that can be conceived. The Ministry had pursued Walpole's system of buying up opponents by place, or pension, or secret service money, till there was no life left in the House. Ministers passed their measures without troubling themselves to say much in their behalf; and the opposition dwindled to Sir John Hinde Cotton, now dismissed from office, and a feeble remnant of Jacobites raised but miserable resistance. In vain the Prince of Wales and the secret instigations of Bolingbroke and Doddington stimulated the spirit of discontent; both Houses had degenerated into most silent and insignificant arenas of very commonplace business. "It certainly will be. Miss Widgeon," answered Maria, with strictly "company manners." "One who has never had a brother exposed to the constant dangers of army life can hardly understand how glad we all feel to have Si snatched from the very jaws of death and brung back to us." "Just plug at 'em as you would at a crow, and then go on your way whistlin'?" persisted Harry. "Hurroo!" echoed Hennessey; "that's the ticket." "Come forward, keeper," continued the baron, "and state how these arrows came into your hands!" "Yes." HoMEJULIA¾©Ïã2018ÏÂÔØ
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