[ti:Study: Spinal Cord Implant Helps Paralyzed People Walk Again]
[by:www.21voa.com]
[00:00.00]更多听力请访问21VOA.COM
[00:00.04]Researchers say a new electrical device
[00:04.24]placed in three paralyzed patients
[00:07.84]has helped them walk again.
[00:10.56]The lower bodies of the three patients were left paralyzed
[00:16.36]after they suffered spinal cord injuries.
[00:20.20]But a device implanted in the spinal cord
[00:24.36]was able to send electrical signals to the muscles
[00:28.92]to permit them to stand, walk and exercise.
[00:33.76]The device is designed to copy an action of the brain,
[00:39.84]in which it sends signals to the spinal cord
[00:43.64]that result in muscle movement.
[00:46.60]When the spinal cord receives the brain signals,
[00:51.04]it stimulates a collection of nerve cells
[00:54.80]that can activate different muscles.
[00:57.96]In patients with serious spinal cord injuries,
[01:02.56]messages from the brain have difficulty reaching the nerves.
[01:08.00]But scientists have discovered that neurons
[01:12.60]– which receive and send signals for muscle movements
[01:17.24]– often still work in injured patients.
[01:20.92]Past research into spinal cord injuries
[01:25.72]has centered on the use of electrical devices
[01:29.96]to stimulate neurons, the publication Nature reports.
[01:35.88]Grégoire Courtine and Jocelyne Bloch
[01:40.28]of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology
[01:43.92]in Lausanne led the latest experiments.
[01:48.12]The results were published in a study in Nature Medicine.
[01:54.00]The experiments involved three men
[01:57.64]who had been injured in motor bike accidents.
[02:01.16]The patients ages were 29-, 32- and 41-years-old.
[02:08.44]Their injuries were to an area called the thoracic spine,
[02:14.68]which is below the neck and above the lowest part of the back.
[02:20.60]The researchers reported that all three patients
[02:24.76]who got the spinal cord implants were able
[02:28.48]to take their first steps within an hour after receiving them.
[02:34.40]Over the next six months, the patients regained the ability
[02:40.00]to take part in more advanced walking activities, the study found.
[02:46.56]They were also able to ride bicycles and swim in community settings.
[02:52.60]The individuals can control the nerve-stimulation devices themselves
[02:59.28]by using a personal electronic device, the researchers said.
[03:05.20]Michel Roccati, from Italy, is one of the patients.
[03:11.00]He told reporters that the first step he took
[03:15.64]while using the device was "a very emotional experience."
[03:21.16]Roccati added that he can now stand
[03:25.56]for several hours and walk nearly a kilometer.
[03:29.96]Other researchers have attempted to help paralyzed patients walk
[03:36.20]by stimulating nerves through the back of the spine.
[03:40.44]But the Federal Institute of Technology's Courtine
[03:45.04]told Reuters that his team redesigned the devices
[03:50.00]so signals would enter the spine from the sides.
[03:54.40]This method permits more direct targeting
[03:58.36]and activation of spinal cord areas, he said.
[04:03.84]The team then developed artificial intelligence (AI) systems
[04:09.16]linked to the device.
[04:11.44]The AI controls electrodes on the device
[04:15.76]to send signals to stimulate individual nerves
[04:20.08]that control muscles needed for walking and other activities.
[04:25.60]When the device was implanted,
[04:28.56]patients could "immediately activate their legs and step,"
[04:33.40]said researcher Jocelyne Bloch.
[04:37.08]However, because the patients' muscles were weak
[04:41.76]from not being used, they needed help
[04:44.96]with supporting their weight, the researchers said.
[04:49.16]It also took some time for them to learn
[04:52.92]to work with the technology.
[04:55.32]Even though the patients have the ability
[04:58.96]to perform several kinds of activities,
[05:01.92]the team said they did not regain completely natural movements.
[05:08.52]Still, Bloch said, "The more they train, the more they start
[05:13.96]lifting their muscles, the more fluid it becomes."
[05:18.40]Roccati said he activates the implant daily at home
[05:24.16]and continues to get stronger.
[05:28.04]"I see the improvement every day," he said,
[05:31.96]adding, "I feel better when I use it."
[05:36.12]I'm Bryan Lynn.
[05:38.88]更多听力请访问21VOA.COM
END OF TRACK. "END OF TRACK." The two men bowed. "Whoever was that person you were talking to?" she enquired, as soon as they stood together. The took of triumph faded from her eyes, she had grown worn and weary. The roses were wilting on the walls, the lights were mostly down now. Hetty, looking in to see if anything was wanted, found herself driven away almost fiercely. I only saw Master Jervie once when he called at tea time, The year 1747 was opened by measures of restriction. The House of Lords, offended at the publication of the proceedings of the trial of Lord Lovat, summoned the parties to their bar, committed them to prison, and refused to liberate them till they had pledged themselves not to repeat the offence, and had paid very heavy fees. The consequence of this was that the transactions of the Peers were almost entirely suppressed for nearly thirty years from this time, and we draw our knowledge of them chiefly from notes taken by Horace Walpole and Lord Chancellor Hardwicke. What is still more remarkable, the reports of the House of Commons, being taken by stealth, and on the merest sufferance, are of the most meagre kind, sometimes altogether wanting, and the speeches are given uniformly under fictitious names; for to have attributed to Pitt or Pelham their[112] speeches by name would have brought down on the printers the summary vengeance of the House. Many of the members complained bitterly of this breach of the privileges of Parliament, and of "being put into print by low fellows"; but Pelham had the sense to tolerate them, saying, "Let them alone; they make better speeches for us than we can make for ourselves." Altogether, the House of Commons exhibited the most deplorable aspect that can be conceived. The Ministry had pursued Walpole's system of buying up opponents by place, or pension, or secret service money, till there was no life left in the House. Ministers passed their measures without troubling themselves to say much in their behalf; and the opposition dwindled to Sir John Hinde Cotton, now dismissed from office, and a feeble remnant of Jacobites raised but miserable resistance. In vain the Prince of Wales and the secret instigations of Bolingbroke and Doddington stimulated the spirit of discontent; both Houses had degenerated into most silent and insignificant arenas of very commonplace business. "It certainly will be. Miss Widgeon," answered Maria, with strictly "company manners." "One who has never had a brother exposed to the constant dangers of army life can hardly understand how glad we all feel to have Si snatched from the very jaws of death and brung back to us." "Just plug at 'em as you would at a crow, and then go on your way whistlin'?" persisted Harry. "Hurroo!" echoed Hennessey; "that's the ticket." "Come forward, keeper," continued the baron, "and state how these arrows came into your hands!" "Yes." HoMEJULIA京香2018下载
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