[ti:US Parents Oppose School Book Bans]
[by:www.21voa.com]
[00:00.00]更多听力请访问21VOA.COM
[00:00.04]The number of book bannings around the country
[00:02.88]has reached a level not seen for many years.
[00:06.12]Censorship efforts have happened in places
[00:09.96]like Florida and Tennessee.
[00:12.28]One Tennessee school board banned
[00:15.40]Art Spiegelman's graphic novel about the Holocaust, Maus.
[00:20.12]Other states have tried to pass similar measures.
[00:24.32]There have also been strong reactions from individuals
[00:28.24]and free speech organizations.
[00:31.28]Stephana Ferrell is a mother of two in Orange County, Florida.
[00:35.76]At a local school board meeting, some officials criticized
[00:40.00]Maia Kobabe's graphic novel Gender Queer: A Memoir.
[00:45.16]The county decided last autumn to remove it from high schools.
[00:50.44]Ferrell said, "By winter break,
[00:52.60]we realized this was happening all over the state
[00:56.32]and needed to start a project to rally parents
[00:59.68]to protect access to information and ideas in school."
[01:04.84]With another Orange County parent,
[01:07.36]she founded the Florida Freedom to Read Project.
[01:10.80]The group works with other parent groups in the state
[01:14.60]on a number of educational issues.
[01:17.36]Ferrell said they also work to "keep or get back books
[01:21.48]that have gone under challenge or have been banned."
[01:26.04]Over the past year, book challenges and bans
[01:29.28]have reached levels not seen in many years.
[01:32.32]That information comes from officials
[01:35.24]at the American Library Association,
[01:37.84]the National Coalition Against Censorship, or NCAC,
[01:42.44]and other supporters of free speech.
[01:46.16]"There are some books with pornography and pedophilia
[01:50.04]that should absolutely be removed
[01:51.96]from K through 12 school libraries," said Yael Levin.
[01:56.76]She is a spokesperson for No Left Turn in Education.
[02:02.00]The nationwide group opposes what it calls
[02:05.04]a "Leftist agenda" for public schools.
[02:08.72]Bills have been proposed that restrict classroom reading
[02:12.24]and discussion around the country, says PEN America.
[02:16.72]The group works to defend free speech in the U.S.
[02:20.72]Almost all of the bills, it says,
[02:23.52]center on sexuality, gender identity or race.
[02:28.40]In Missouri, a proposed bill would ban teachers
[02:32.28]from using The 1619 Project.
[02:35.40]That is a special project of the New York Times Magazine
[02:39.40]that centers around slavery in American history.
[02:42.72]It was released last year as a book.
[02:46.00]In an answer to such moves,
[02:48.60]group like the American Civil Liberties Union, PEN America
[02:53.12]and the NCAC have been working with local activists,
[02:58.00]educators and families around the country.
[03:02.48]The head of book publisher Penguin Random House, Markus Dohle,
[03:07.04]has said he will personally donate $500,000 for a book defense fund.
[03:13.32]Hachette Book Group has announced "emergency donations"
[03:17.28]to PEN, NCAC and the Authors Guild.
[03:21.76]In Missouri, the American Civil Liberties Union, or ACLU,
[03:26.44]sought action in federal court last month.
[03:30.04]The organization was hoping to prevent the Wentzville school district
[03:34.64]from removing books including Gender Queer,
[03:37.52]Toni Morrison's The Bluest Eye and Keise Laymon's Heavy.
[03:43.76]Vera Eidelman is a lawyer with the ACLU Speech, Privacy
[03:48.32]and Technology Project.
[03:50.00]She said the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in 1982
[03:55.12]that "local school boards may not remove books from school library shelves
[03:59.60]simply because they dislike the ideas contained in those books."
[04:04.48]However, Eidelman said, school officials are permitted
[04:08.64]to ban books for reasons other than not approving of the ideas in the books.
[04:13.88]Officials might decide, for example,
[04:16.68]that the book uses too much vulgar language.
[04:20.04]But the meaning of vulgarity can change and be unclear, she said.
[04:25.64]And that can be used by the government to ban books.
[04:30.32]Two anti-banning measures were started in Pennsylvania.
[04:34.32]In Kutztown, student Joslyn Diffenbaugh formed a banned book club
[04:40.08]that began with a reading of George Orwell's "Animal Farm."
[04:44.36]And the Pennridge Improvement Project has started a drive
[04:48.76]to purchase books that have been removed from schools
[04:51.96]and put them in small free libraries around the area.
[04:56.44]I'm Dan Novak. 更多听力请访问21VOA.COM
END OF TRACK. "END OF TRACK." The two men bowed. "Whoever was that person you were talking to?" she enquired, as soon as they stood together. The took of triumph faded from her eyes, she had grown worn and weary. The roses were wilting on the walls, the lights were mostly down now. Hetty, looking in to see if anything was wanted, found herself driven away almost fiercely. I only saw Master Jervie once when he called at tea time, The year 1747 was opened by measures of restriction. The House of Lords, offended at the publication of the proceedings of the trial of Lord Lovat, summoned the parties to their bar, committed them to prison, and refused to liberate them till they had pledged themselves not to repeat the offence, and had paid very heavy fees. The consequence of this was that the transactions of the Peers were almost entirely suppressed for nearly thirty years from this time, and we draw our knowledge of them chiefly from notes taken by Horace Walpole and Lord Chancellor Hardwicke. What is still more remarkable, the reports of the House of Commons, being taken by stealth, and on the merest sufferance, are of the most meagre kind, sometimes altogether wanting, and the speeches are given uniformly under fictitious names; for to have attributed to Pitt or Pelham their[112] speeches by name would have brought down on the printers the summary vengeance of the House. Many of the members complained bitterly of this breach of the privileges of Parliament, and of "being put into print by low fellows"; but Pelham had the sense to tolerate them, saying, "Let them alone; they make better speeches for us than we can make for ourselves." Altogether, the House of Commons exhibited the most deplorable aspect that can be conceived. The Ministry had pursued Walpole's system of buying up opponents by place, or pension, or secret service money, till there was no life left in the House. Ministers passed their measures without troubling themselves to say much in their behalf; and the opposition dwindled to Sir John Hinde Cotton, now dismissed from office, and a feeble remnant of Jacobites raised but miserable resistance. In vain the Prince of Wales and the secret instigations of Bolingbroke and Doddington stimulated the spirit of discontent; both Houses had degenerated into most silent and insignificant arenas of very commonplace business. "It certainly will be. Miss Widgeon," answered Maria, with strictly "company manners." "One who has never had a brother exposed to the constant dangers of army life can hardly understand how glad we all feel to have Si snatched from the very jaws of death and brung back to us." "Just plug at 'em as you would at a crow, and then go on your way whistlin'?" persisted Harry. "Hurroo!" echoed Hennessey; "that's the ticket." "Come forward, keeper," continued the baron, "and state how these arrows came into your hands!" "Yes." HoMEJULIA京香2018下载
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