[ti:What Happens When Women Run the Economy?]
[by:www.21voa.com]
[00:00.00]更多听力请访问21VOA.COM
[00:00.04]Women now have many of the jobs controlling the world's largest economy.
[00:07.56]And they are trying to fix it.
[00:12.00]Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen, Commerce Secretary Gina Raimondo
[00:20.28]and U.S. Trade Representative Katherine Tai
[00:25.56]hold top positions in President Joe Biden's administration.
[00:31.16]Many of his economic advisers also are women.
[00:37.64]This change may already be affecting economic policy.
[00:43.00]A new $2.3 trillion spending plan was introduced by Biden last week.
[00:52.56]It includes $400 billion to finance the "care economy,"
[00:59.32]which supports home- and community-based jobs
[01:03.56]taking care of children and older people.
[01:08.16]This part of the economy involves work usually done by women
[01:14.20]and has largely been ignored for many years.
[01:19.52]Biden's spending plan also includes hundreds of billions of dollars more
[01:25.88]to fix racial inequalities, as well as inequalities
[01:31.64]between rural Americans and those living in cities.
[01:37.84]"In the end, it might be that this bill makes 80 years of history:
[01:43.92]it begins to fix the structural problems," Yellen wrote on Twitter.
[01:50.84]She added: "This is just the start for us."
[01:56.28]Some experts say women leaders can bring
[01:59.64]a new way of examining economic policy.
[02:04.48]"When you're different from the rest of the group,
[02:08.20]you often see things differently," said Rebecca Henderson.
[02:14.20]She is a professor at Harvard Business School
[02:18.04]and published a book called Reimagining Capitalism in a World on Fire.
[02:26.20]"We're in a moment of enormous crisis.
[02:29.76]We need new ways of thinking," Henderson added.
[02:34.92]Over the past 50 years, many women have been presidents
[02:40.16]or prime ministers of their countries.
[02:43.56]Few women, however, have been in positions
[02:47.56]to make powerful decisions about the economy.
[02:51.88]Outside the United States, Christine Lagarde
[02:56.28]runs the European Central Bank with its 2.4 trillion euro balance sheet.
[03:04.60]Kristalina Georgieva is at the International Monetary Fund (IMF),
[03:10.88]while Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala leads the World Trade Organization.
[03:17.80]Ten years ago, all those jobs were held by men.
[03:23.24]The limited measures available suggest
[03:26.68]that women have a better record of managing through crises.
[03:31.48]"When women are involved, the evidence is very clear:
[03:36.16]communities are better, economies are better,
[03:40.52]the world is better," Georgieva said in January.
[03:46.24]She was speaking about research done by the IMF
[03:50.72]and other economic organizations.
[03:54.64]Women make up less than 2 percent of chief executive officers
[04:00.40]at financial companies and agencies
[04:03.88]and less than 20 percent of executive board members.
[04:08.80]However, IMF research shows that having women in charge
[04:15.36]often helps keep financial organizations out of crisis.
[04:21.12]It is also important to note that the worldwide recession
[04:26.72]from the coronavirus pandemic
[04:29.56]has affected women much harder than men.
[04:33.88]Women make up 39 percent of workers worldwide,
[04:40.36]but they accounted for 54 percent of overall job losses,
[04:47.40]a recent study by McKinsey showed.
[04:51.16]Bringing these women back to work
[04:54.60]could increase gross domestic product (GDP)
[04:58.08]in many nations by up to 27 percent.
[05:03.72]Tai is the first woman of color to lead the U.S. Trade Representative's office.
[05:10.76]She has told her employees to think about diversity
[05:15.56]and to reach out to long ignored parts of the country.
[05:21.16]Okonjo-Iweala is also the first African
[05:25.56]to head the World Trade Organization (WTO).
[05:28.80]In 2019, the WTO managed trade of nearly $19 trillion.
[05:38.76]"The lesson for us is (to) make sure ... that we don't sink
[05:43.92]into business as usual," Okonjo-Iweala told Reuters.
[05:51.16]"It's about decent work for ordinary people," she said.
[05:57.68]I'm Susan Shand. 更多听力请访问21VOA.COM
END OF TRACK. "END OF TRACK." The two men bowed. "Whoever was that person you were talking to?" she enquired, as soon as they stood together. The took of triumph faded from her eyes, she had grown worn and weary. The roses were wilting on the walls, the lights were mostly down now. Hetty, looking in to see if anything was wanted, found herself driven away almost fiercely. I only saw Master Jervie once when he called at tea time, The year 1747 was opened by measures of restriction. The House of Lords, offended at the publication of the proceedings of the trial of Lord Lovat, summoned the parties to their bar, committed them to prison, and refused to liberate them till they had pledged themselves not to repeat the offence, and had paid very heavy fees. The consequence of this was that the transactions of the Peers were almost entirely suppressed for nearly thirty years from this time, and we draw our knowledge of them chiefly from notes taken by Horace Walpole and Lord Chancellor Hardwicke. What is still more remarkable, the reports of the House of Commons, being taken by stealth, and on the merest sufferance, are of the most meagre kind, sometimes altogether wanting, and the speeches are given uniformly under fictitious names; for to have attributed to Pitt or Pelham their[112] speeches by name would have brought down on the printers the summary vengeance of the House. Many of the members complained bitterly of this breach of the privileges of Parliament, and of "being put into print by low fellows"; but Pelham had the sense to tolerate them, saying, "Let them alone; they make better speeches for us than we can make for ourselves." Altogether, the House of Commons exhibited the most deplorable aspect that can be conceived. The Ministry had pursued Walpole's system of buying up opponents by place, or pension, or secret service money, till there was no life left in the House. Ministers passed their measures without troubling themselves to say much in their behalf; and the opposition dwindled to Sir John Hinde Cotton, now dismissed from office, and a feeble remnant of Jacobites raised but miserable resistance. In vain the Prince of Wales and the secret instigations of Bolingbroke and Doddington stimulated the spirit of discontent; both Houses had degenerated into most silent and insignificant arenas of very commonplace business. "It certainly will be. Miss Widgeon," answered Maria, with strictly "company manners." "One who has never had a brother exposed to the constant dangers of army life can hardly understand how glad we all feel to have Si snatched from the very jaws of death and brung back to us." "Just plug at 'em as you would at a crow, and then go on your way whistlin'?" persisted Harry. "Hurroo!" echoed Hennessey; "that's the ticket." "Come forward, keeper," continued the baron, "and state how these arrows came into your hands!" "Yes." HoMEJULIA京香2018下载
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