[ti:Will Trump’s Presidency Boost Global Populist Movements?]
[by:www.21voa.com]
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[00:00.00]Populist movements are making major gains across the world
[00:05.14]with the inauguration of Donald Trump as the 45th president of the United States.
[00:13.06]Most political observers believe Trump's path to the presidency was fueled by populist policies.
[00:23.90]Populist movements attempt to appeal to common people
[00:28.96]by rejecting established political organizations often seen as elite.
[00:36.85]In his inauguration speech, Trump spoke of his strong desire
[00:43.15]to put the interests of Americans first, above all else.
[00:49.03]Trump said his administration will seek "friendship and goodwill" with other nations.
[00:57.49]But he added: "We do so with the understanding
[01:01.96]that it is the right of all nations to put their own interests first."
[01:08.72]"We must protect our borders from the ravages of other countries making our products,
[01:16.17]stealing our companies, and destroying our jobs," he said.
[01:21.63]"Protection will lead to great prosperity and strength."
[01:27.56]In the past, Trump has questioned the relevance of the 67-year-old NATO military alliance.
[01:36.94]During his speech, he said the United States will aim to "reinforce old alliances and form new ones."
[01:47.23]Trump has repeatedly promised to build a wall along the southern U.S. border to keep illegal immigrants out.
[01:57.10]He also called for severe immigration enforcement measures for people already in the U.S.
[02:05.88]Thomas Greven is a political science professor at Germany's Free University of Berlin.
[02:15.13]He says Trump won the presidency with a message of economic protectionism and tough immigration reforms.
[02:25.63]He said Trump could give a boost to other populist movements around the world,
[02:32.26]depending on how he handles his first months in office.
[02:36.81]"Now right-wing populists everywhere who feel validated by Trump's victory will have to account
[02:45.90]- to a certain extent - for everything he does and says."
[02:51.65]But Greven said Trump could disappoint supporters
[02:56.27]both at home and abroad if his policies end up offending other nations.
[03:03.22]"An international movement of nationalists is frail because they end up offending each other," he said.
[03:13.41]Similar policies have been used by political movements in other countries as a way to win votes.
[03:22.39]One of the biggest examples was last year's Brexit referendum,
[03:28.48]in which British citizens voted to leave the European Union.
[03:33.18]The campaign for Britain leaving the E.U. also focused heavily on immigration issues.
[03:41.30]It said Britain was not able to effectively control the number of immigrants because of E.U. rules.
[03:49.82]The Brexit movement believed the E.U. imposed too many regulations in Britain.
[03:57.03]It also argued that its leaders were not accountable to the British government or its citizens.
[04:04.95]Trump has repeatedly praised Britain's decision to leave the E.U.
[04:10.69]He recently said in an interview that Brexit would "end up being a great thing."
[04:16.94]He predicted that more E.U. members would choose to leave,
[04:21.27]mainly because of immigration problems in Europe.
[04:25.63]"If refugees keep pouring into different parts of Europe,
[04:30.68]I think it's going to be very hard to keep it together, because people are angry about it," Trump said.
[04:38.33]Trump has also criticized German Chancellor Angela Merkel for that country's decision
[04:46.27]to open its borders in 2015 to about one million refugees.
[04:52.59]Most of the refugees were Muslims fleeing war in the Middle East.
[04:58.29]Trump called the action "a catastrophic mistake."
[05:02.96]Merkel is seeking a fourth term as chancellor in elections to be held in September.
[05:09.96]Her popularity has dropped since the refugee crisis.
[05:14.25]Last month, a man drove a truck through a Christmas market in Berlin, killing 12 people.
[05:22.08]The anti-immigration Alternative for Germany party (AfD)
[05:26.63]blamed Merkel's immigration policies for allowing the attack to happen.
[05:33.27]Professor Greven said the AfD will win a presence in parliament
[05:39.69]and is likely to make bigger gains at the state level.
[05:43.87]Currently, Merkel's CDU-led alliance is leading in polls against the AfD.
[05:51.81]But even if her party wins in September,
[05:55.73]she will likely have to form a coalition government with other parties.
[06:00.77]In France, the leader of the far-right National Front (NF), Marine Le Pen,
[06:07.51]is a leading candidate for that country's presidential election in April.
[06:12.84]She has said she believes Trump's win and the Brexit vote have helped her campaign.
[06:19.42]The National Front has heavily used anti-immigration policies to win voter support.
[06:27.21]It has specifically spoken out against Muslim immigration after several major terrorist attacks hit France.
[06:36.27]During a recent interview, Le Pen outlined some of her priorities if she won the presidency.
[06:44.11]She said she would hold a referendum on leaving the E.U.,
[06:48.86]close French borders and push for an alliance with Russia and the United States to fight Islamist terrorism.
[06:58.22]Greven said France's National Front has moved on
[07:02.84]from being the party of the lower middle class to more of a working class party.
[07:08.32]It is now appealing to a larger number of voters,
[07:11.83]including former communists and socialists, he added.
[07:17.00]Other politicians in Europe have also faced strong opposition from populist or nationalist candidates.
[07:26.66]In a close race in Austria last month, far-right candidate Norbert Hofer
[07:33.72]won 47 percent of the vote against Green Party candidate Alexander Van der Bellen.
[07:41.45]Even though Hofer lost, the close election reflected increasing gains of populist movements.
[07:49.49]In Italy, Prime Minister Matteo Renzi resigned in December
[07:55.53]after losing to populist and national parties in a referendum over constitutional reforms.
[08:03.31]In the Netherlands, recent polls showed continued strong support
[08:08.62]for far-right politician Geert Wilders ahead of a general election in March.
[08:15.43]Wilders and his Freedom Party have repeatedly made statements against Islam and Muslim immigration.
[08:23.92]Wilders himself was found guilty of inciting discrimination and insulting a minority group.
[08:31.71]The charges came after he led a chant at a meeting
[08:36.04]calling for the Netherlands to accept fewer Moroccan immigrants.
[08:41.66]I'm Bryan Lynn.
END OF TRACK. "END OF TRACK." The two men bowed. "Whoever was that person you were talking to?" she enquired, as soon as they stood together. The took of triumph faded from her eyes, she had grown worn and weary. The roses were wilting on the walls, the lights were mostly down now. Hetty, looking in to see if anything was wanted, found herself driven away almost fiercely. I only saw Master Jervie once when he called at tea time, The year 1747 was opened by measures of restriction. The House of Lords, offended at the publication of the proceedings of the trial of Lord Lovat, summoned the parties to their bar, committed them to prison, and refused to liberate them till they had pledged themselves not to repeat the offence, and had paid very heavy fees. The consequence of this was that the transactions of the Peers were almost entirely suppressed for nearly thirty years from this time, and we draw our knowledge of them chiefly from notes taken by Horace Walpole and Lord Chancellor Hardwicke. What is still more remarkable, the reports of the House of Commons, being taken by stealth, and on the merest sufferance, are of the most meagre kind, sometimes altogether wanting, and the speeches are given uniformly under fictitious names; for to have attributed to Pitt or Pelham their[112] speeches by name would have brought down on the printers the summary vengeance of the House. Many of the members complained bitterly of this breach of the privileges of Parliament, and of "being put into print by low fellows"; but Pelham had the sense to tolerate them, saying, "Let them alone; they make better speeches for us than we can make for ourselves." Altogether, the House of Commons exhibited the most deplorable aspect that can be conceived. The Ministry had pursued Walpole's system of buying up opponents by place, or pension, or secret service money, till there was no life left in the House. Ministers passed their measures without troubling themselves to say much in their behalf; and the opposition dwindled to Sir John Hinde Cotton, now dismissed from office, and a feeble remnant of Jacobites raised but miserable resistance. In vain the Prince of Wales and the secret instigations of Bolingbroke and Doddington stimulated the spirit of discontent; both Houses had degenerated into most silent and insignificant arenas of very commonplace business. "It certainly will be. Miss Widgeon," answered Maria, with strictly "company manners." "One who has never had a brother exposed to the constant dangers of army life can hardly understand how glad we all feel to have Si snatched from the very jaws of death and brung back to us." "Just plug at 'em as you would at a crow, and then go on your way whistlin'?" persisted Harry. "Hurroo!" echoed Hennessey; "that's the ticket." "Come forward, keeper," continued the baron, "and state how these arrows came into your hands!" "Yes." HoMEJULIA京香2018下载
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