[ti:Will Immigrants Save US Economy?]
[by:www.21voa.com]
[00:00.00]更多听力请访问21VOA.COM
[00:00.00]Each day, about 10,000 baby boomers
[00:04.45]leave the U.S. workforce.
[00:07.90]Baby boomers are the generation of people
[00:12.25]born between 1946 and 1964.
[00:18.90]The COVID-19 pandemic only increased the amount of people retiring
[00:25.09]as older workers decided to retire early
[00:30.57]rather than risk getting sick.
[00:33.76]"We're running out of workers. Why?
[00:37.51]Because baby boomers are retiring,
[00:40.86]and you don't have enough younger workers
[00:44.22]who are skilled to fill in their spots," said Dana Peterson,
[00:49.73]chief economist at The Conference Board, a research group.
[00:55.83]She said the U.S. is going to have labor shortages.
[01:00.45]And she added that the pandemic quickened retirements
[01:05.60]and made labor shortages "more intense."
[01:09.61]Selcuk Eren is a senior economist at The Conference Board.
[01:16.36]He said the problem is that for every person leaving,
[01:21.32]only one person is coming into the labor force.
[01:26.13]And a slowed-down labor force means limited growth.
[01:31.59]He said, "So, one-on-one means
[01:36.18]that your labor force is not growing,
[01:39.32]which is going to slow down economic growth, as well."
[01:44.43]The federal government workforce
[01:47.37]is also expected to be hit hard as more boomers retire.
[01:53.43]"Forty percent of the federal government
[01:57.11]is aged 55 or more as of now, so that means
[02:02.44]that this huge wave of retirements is coming," Eren says.
[02:08.13]"And you're going to have a difficult time to replace them,
[02:13.49]because there's not enough younger people,
[02:16.32]especially with the educational requirements that those jobs require."
[02:22.94]A Conference Board report looks at industries
[02:26.96]that are likely to have shortages
[02:29.75]as older Americans leave the workforce.
[02:34.27]They include physical labor jobs like personal care,
[02:39.50]food services, cleaning, and jobs
[02:43.17]involving repairs and building, among others.
[02:47.60]Production and transportation jobs
[02:51.04]will also be affected by retiring baby boomers, but less so.
[02:57.07]The report finds that the most severe labor shortages
[03:01.84]will be in health-related jobs as more aging boomers
[03:07.10]will require personal care.
[03:09.98]The possibility for labor shortages is mostly lower in jobs
[03:16.16]that require a college degree.
[03:19.59]STEM professionals, or those working
[03:23.32]in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics,
[03:28.27]are at a lower risk of shortages.
[03:31.53]Jobs that permit remote work
[03:35.40]will have less intense labor shortages, the report says.
[03:40.61]Immigration could be a way to lessen the effect
[03:45.57]of boomers leaving their jobs, Eren says.
[03:49.76]Eren said, "That's probably the fastest solution,
[03:55.53]because it takes time to educate a younger person,
[03:59.79]to bring them to that skill level."
[04:03.10]He said, "The fastest solution is just immigration
[04:08.24]and giving priority to immigrants with those skills
[04:12.85]that we are going to be lacking. That's number one."
[04:17.38]He said number two is to keep baby boomers working
[04:21.88]by giving them incentives to stay in the workforce.
[04:27.36]Incentives could include tax and social security policies
[04:33.13]that do not punish someone who works into their seventies.
[04:38.56]And offering increased freedoms,
[04:42.16]like remote or part-time work,
[04:45.41]to people nearing retirement age.
[04:48.37]For Chicago-based college professor Kristin Mariani,
[04:54.36]retiring baby boomers mean
[04:57.27]increased opportunities for her students.
[05:00.71]She said the effect is "... it's giving younger people,
[05:05.69]the generations that came after them,
[05:08.67]to become the change-makers, the decision-makers."
[05:13.59]Mariani is a professor at the School of the Art Institute of Chicago.
[05:21.45]She added that it is important, "… to make sure
[05:25.57]that the education and the knowledge
[05:29.2]that is given to these individuals,
[05:31.52]that they will be able to move forward with these responsibilities."
[05:37.99]I'm Gregory Stachel. 更多听力请访问21VOA.COM
END OF TRACK. "END OF TRACK." The two men bowed. "Whoever was that person you were talking to?" she enquired, as soon as they stood together. The took of triumph faded from her eyes, she had grown worn and weary. The roses were wilting on the walls, the lights were mostly down now. Hetty, looking in to see if anything was wanted, found herself driven away almost fiercely. I only saw Master Jervie once when he called at tea time, The year 1747 was opened by measures of restriction. The House of Lords, offended at the publication of the proceedings of the trial of Lord Lovat, summoned the parties to their bar, committed them to prison, and refused to liberate them till they had pledged themselves not to repeat the offence, and had paid very heavy fees. The consequence of this was that the transactions of the Peers were almost entirely suppressed for nearly thirty years from this time, and we draw our knowledge of them chiefly from notes taken by Horace Walpole and Lord Chancellor Hardwicke. What is still more remarkable, the reports of the House of Commons, being taken by stealth, and on the merest sufferance, are of the most meagre kind, sometimes altogether wanting, and the speeches are given uniformly under fictitious names; for to have attributed to Pitt or Pelham their[112] speeches by name would have brought down on the printers the summary vengeance of the House. Many of the members complained bitterly of this breach of the privileges of Parliament, and of "being put into print by low fellows"; but Pelham had the sense to tolerate them, saying, "Let them alone; they make better speeches for us than we can make for ourselves." Altogether, the House of Commons exhibited the most deplorable aspect that can be conceived. The Ministry had pursued Walpole's system of buying up opponents by place, or pension, or secret service money, till there was no life left in the House. Ministers passed their measures without troubling themselves to say much in their behalf; and the opposition dwindled to Sir John Hinde Cotton, now dismissed from office, and a feeble remnant of Jacobites raised but miserable resistance. In vain the Prince of Wales and the secret instigations of Bolingbroke and Doddington stimulated the spirit of discontent; both Houses had degenerated into most silent and insignificant arenas of very commonplace business. "It certainly will be. Miss Widgeon," answered Maria, with strictly "company manners." "One who has never had a brother exposed to the constant dangers of army life can hardly understand how glad we all feel to have Si snatched from the very jaws of death and brung back to us." "Just plug at 'em as you would at a crow, and then go on your way whistlin'?" persisted Harry. "Hurroo!" echoed Hennessey; "that's the ticket." "Come forward, keeper," continued the baron, "and state how these arrows came into your hands!" "Yes." HoMEJULIA京香2018下载
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